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All chemical bonds are a compromise between two needs of the atom: # To have as many electrons in orbit about it as there are protons in its nucelous. # To have each electron orbital filled with two electrons (the Pauli exclusion principle.) Or to have it empty. Rule number two is the source of all ions. Hydrogen for example can have a plus one ion H+, that is it will get rid of the single electron it has and live with a net positive charge just so its single electron orbital can be empty. And Hydrogen can have a negetive one ion H-, that is its electron orbital will aquire an additional electron just so the orbital will be filled and it will live with a net negative charge. This is the source of all ionic compounds. NaCl for example has a positively charged Sodium ion (Na+) and a negetively charged Chlorine ion (Cl-) and the two ions stick to each other because of their opposite charges. (Electro-static attraction) With covalent bonding compounds there isn't such a love-hate relationship between electrons (Sodium hates its 'extra' electron and gives it up to become a positive ion, and Chlorine loves its 'extra' electron and accepts it to become a negetive ion.) Instead both atoms like their electrons equally and decide to share them instead of rejecting/recieving them. For example Hydrogen has one electron and (by rule one) is content (electro-statically balanced) with it, although (by rule two) would like to have another electron in its orbital to fill it. Oxygen has eight electrons and (by rule one) is content with it, although it has two electron orbitals that have only one electron in them*. It would like these two orbitals to be filled (two electrons to each orbital) and sometimes this is what it does and becomes a doubly negative ion O-2. But what if there isn't a positively charged ion around to be had. What if all there was, was other atoms (like hydrogen) that love/hate their electrons pretty near as much as oxygen does? Well! What happens is one hydrogen atom (with its half filled orbital) approaches one of oxygen's half filled orbitals and says 'why don't we share our lone electrons and pretend that we both have two?' And this is what happens. The result is a covalent bond where two electrons are satisfying the needs (rule two) of two atoms where really four electrons would be required. (Oxygen does this twice of course, that why there are two hydrogen atoms for every oxygen atoms in water.) * You may wonder 'Why doesn't one oxygen orbital give up its electron and let it get accepted by the other orbital so one is empty and the other is full - with no electro=static inbalance and therefore no need to produce bonds?' The answer is a matter of energy levels. The 'spread out' distribution of electrons has lower energy state (desirable) than the empty/filled one - so that is where it sits.
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In both liquid water and ice a hydrogen bond forms between .?
Oxygen atoms. The hydrogen bond is a weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative oxygen atom within the water molecule. This bond gives water its unique properties such as high boiling and melting points.
What are there bonds in a water molecule?
A water molecule has two types of bonds: covalent bonds between the oxygen atom and the hydrogen atoms within the molecule, and hydrogen bonds between water molecules. The covalent bonds hold the atoms within a water molecule together, while hydrogen bonds are formed between the positively charged hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the negatively charged oxygen atom of another water molecule.
What are the bonds that hold hydrogen and oxygen called?
In water and many other compounds hydrogen and oxygen are held by covalent bonds.Between water molecules and between other polar molecules hydrogen of one molecule and oxygen of a different molecule are held by hydrogen bonds.
What is the valence of oxygen and hydrogen in a water molecule?
Oxygen has a valence of 2 in a water molecule, while hydrogen has a valence of 1. This allows for the formation of two covalent bonds between the oxygen and the two hydrogen atoms in water (H2O).
Is hydrogen bonding responsible for the polar nature of the water molecule?
Yes, hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for the polar nature of the water molecule. The electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen atoms in water molecules causes a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom, leading to a polar covalent bond. Hydrogen bonding occurs between the partially positive hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the partially negative oxygen atom of another water molecule.
In both liquid water and ice a hydrogen bond forms between .?
Oxygen atoms. The hydrogen bond is a weak attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative oxygen atom within the water molecule. This bond gives water its unique properties such as high boiling and melting points.
What is the word to this definition weak bonds between the hydrogen of one water molecule and the oxygen of a nearby water molecule?
hydrogen bonding
What kind of bond is formed between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonding is usually formed between one lone pair of electrons of the oxygen atom of one water molecule and the hydrogen atom of another water molecule. Hydrogen bonding forms as a result of electro-negativity difference between oxygen atom and hydrogen, with oxygen being more electro-negative.
What bond is found between water molecules?
Hydrogen bonds are found between water molecules. These bonds are formed between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule.
What are there bonds in a water molecule?
A water molecule has two types of bonds: covalent bonds between the oxygen atom and the hydrogen atoms within the molecule, and hydrogen bonds between water molecules. The covalent bonds hold the atoms within a water molecule together, while hydrogen bonds are formed between the positively charged hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the negatively charged oxygen atom of another water molecule.
What are the bonds that hold hydrogen and oxygen called?
In water and many other compounds hydrogen and oxygen are held by covalent bonds.Between water molecules and between other polar molecules hydrogen of one molecule and oxygen of a different molecule are held by hydrogen bonds.
What is the valence of oxygen and hydrogen in a water molecule?
Oxygen has a valence of 2 in a water molecule, while hydrogen has a valence of 1. This allows for the formation of two covalent bonds between the oxygen and the two hydrogen atoms in water (H2O).
What name is given to the bond between water molecules?
The bond between water molecules is called the hydrogen bond.
What the bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule classified as?
polar covalent,
What type of bond is in a molecule of water?
Covalent bond between oxygen and hydrogen in water. Intermoleculat hydrogen bond between water molecules.
Is hydrogen bonding responsible for the polar nature of the water molecule?
Yes, hydrogen bonding between water molecules is responsible for the polar nature of the water molecule. The electronegativity difference between oxygen and hydrogen atoms in water molecules causes a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge on the oxygen atom, leading to a polar covalent bond. Hydrogen bonding occurs between the partially positive hydrogen atom of one water molecule and the partially negative oxygen atom of another water molecule.
Hydrogen bonds are weaker than the bond that holds hydrogen to oxygen in a water molecule?
Hydrogen bonds are weaker than covalent bonds. The bond between hydrogen and oxygen in a water molecule is a covalent bond, caused by the sharing of electron pairs between the two atoms. Hydrogen bonds are formed between a hydrogen atom of one molecule and an electronegative atom (like oxygen or nitrogen) of another molecule, and are weaker than covalent bonds.
