There is no net electrical charge on an "unreacted" atom.
The net charge is zero.
Neutral
Yes, it is.
. .N: . .. :i: ' .. :i: ' .. :i: ' v .. :i: | :n / \ :i::i: '' "
The overall charge on an atom will depend on the ratio of protons to electrons in that atom. If the numbers match, the overall charge will be zero. It's a neutral atom. But if electrons have been "captured" or "loaned out" by the atom, an ion is created, and its charge will be negative if it has captured electrons, or positive if it has loaned out electrons. Charge will vary by integer amounts, i.e., the charge will be -1, -2, -3, etc. for the capture of 1, 2, or 3 electrons, respectively, or +1, +2, +3, etc. for the loaning out of 1, 2, or 3 electrons, respectively. Simple and easy.
No matter where an electron happens to be -- in an atom, outside of an atom, near an atom -- its charge will ALWAYS be negative one atomic charge.
The neutral atom hasn't a charge.
Carrying charge means it is an ION, not an atom
The s electrons in N2 are unbonded; there are four of them in each nitrogen atom and therefore 8 in the molecule N2.
. .N: . .. :i: ' .. :i: ' .. :i: ' v .. :i: | :n / \ :i::i: '' "
Excited State -_-
The overall charge on an atom will depend on the ratio of protons to electrons in that atom. If the numbers match, the overall charge will be zero. It's a neutral atom. But if electrons have been "captured" or "loaned out" by the atom, an ion is created, and its charge will be negative if it has captured electrons, or positive if it has loaned out electrons. Charge will vary by integer amounts, i.e., the charge will be -1, -2, -3, etc. for the capture of 1, 2, or 3 electrons, respectively, or +1, +2, +3, etc. for the loaning out of 1, 2, or 3 electrons, respectively. Simple and easy.
One ammonia molecule is made of three hydrogen atoms all singly-covalently bonded to a central nitrogen atom; the nitrogen has two unbonded electrons.
what changes the charge of the atom
The charge of an unionized atom is negative.
A neutral atom will have a charge of ZERO
An atom with an electrical charge is called an ion.
An atom may have a positive charge, a negative charge, or no charge. If it has a non-zero charge, it is said to be an ion.
No matter where an electron happens to be -- in an atom, outside of an atom, near an atom -- its charge will ALWAYS be negative one atomic charge.
An atom with positive charge is cation.An atom with negative charge is anion.