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An atom with 12 electrons, such as a neutral magnesium atom, will contain 2 electrons in its first energy level, 8 electrons in its second energy level, and 2 electrons in its third energy level.

The electron configuration table for magnesium would look like this:

1s2

2s2 2p6

3s2

For the atom of magnesium to become "stable," it would have to lose those two valence electrons in its outermost shell by forming an ionic bond with another atom, thus becoming a magnesium ion with a -2 charge, written as Mg-2.

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