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The "island of stability" comes from the shape the heavier elements projected stability makes on a 3D graph. See links below.

The general trend of the elements is that as they get heavier (atomic number) stability decreases, but scientists have found that some elements will become more stable if they have a "magic number" of protons and neutrons. The island of stability is the more stable heavy isotopes because of the "magic numbers". Some think the number of neutrons and protons leads to a spherical-shaped nuclei, which leads to stability.

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