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A number following an element, such as cobalt-60, tells us that a specific isomer of that element is being referenced. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have a different number of neutrons in the nucleus. All cobalt atoms will have the same amount of protons, 27, because that is what makes it cobalt, however they can have a different amount of neutrons. The mass number is the number following the element's name and it tells us the total of both protons and neutrons in the nucleus. By subtracting the 27 protons in cobalt from the mass number of the isotope we find that cobalt-60 has 33 neutrons while cobalt-59 has 32 neutrons.

This means that the structural difference between cobalt-60 and other isotopes of cobalt is the number of neutrons in the nucleus.

Another fun fact:

Cobalt-60 is the radioactive isotope commonly used in radiation therapy for cancer.

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What is the difference between constitutional isomers and stereoisomers in terms of their structural arrangement and properties?

Constitutional isomers have different structural arrangements of atoms in their molecules, while stereoisomers have the same structural arrangement but differ in the spatial orientation of their atoms. Constitutional isomers have different chemical and physical properties due to their distinct structures, while stereoisomers have similar properties because of their identical structures.


What is the difference between an isomer and a constitutional isomer?

An isomer is a molecule with the same chemical formula but different structural arrangement of atoms. A constitutional isomer is a type of isomer where the atoms are connected in a different order.


What is the difference between constitutional isomers and stereoisomers in terms of their structural arrangement?

Constitutional isomers have different connectivity of atoms in their structures, while stereoisomers have the same connectivity of atoms but differ in their spatial arrangement.


What is the key difference between aldoses and ketoses in terms of their chemical structure and functional groups?

The key difference between aldoses and ketoses lies in their functional groups. Aldoses have an aldehyde functional group at the end of the carbon chain, while ketoses have a ketone functional group in the middle of the carbon chain. This structural variation affects their chemical properties and reactivity.


What is the difference between aldehydes and ketones?

Aldehydes and ketones are both types of organic compounds with a carbonyl group, but the key difference is their location within the molecule. Aldehydes have the carbonyl group at the end of a carbon chain, while ketones have it in the middle. This structural variance leads to differences in their chemical properties and reactivity.

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