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The atomic number of carbon is 6. 6 protons, 6 electrons. Two in the first shell and 4 on the second shell leaving 4 spaces open, making the second shell the valence shell and the 4 spaces open the valence- valence is the bonding capacity, in other words the electrons needed to fill the second shell.

First shell max is 2 electrons

Seccond shell max is 8 electrons

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How can the number of core electrons be detemined from the periodic table?

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