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Materials that retain their strength at high temperatures are called "refractory".

Pure carbon compounds -- graphite, carbon fibers, but alas, not diamonds -- stay solid at incredibly high temperatures.

That is why carbon-fiber-reinforced-graphite (RCC) is used on the hottest part of the US Space Shuttle, the nosecone.

RCC retains its strength at 2000°C.

For other refractory insulators and refractory metals, see the links.

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What type of cup keeps hot water hot the longest?

A double-walled insulated cup made of stainless steel or ceramic will keep hot water hot the longest due to its ability to retain heat and prevent heat loss. Vacuum-sealed tumblers are also effective in maintaining the temperature of hot drinks for an extended period of time.


Why is hot material not kept in desiccator?

Hot materials are not kept in a desiccator because the sudden cooling caused by placing a hot material in a desiccator can create a vacuum inside the desiccator, leading to potential implosion. Additionally, the hot material can release gases or vapors that may react with the desiccant or other substances present in the desiccator.


What cup keeps water hot for the longest?

A double-walled insulated stainless steel cup will keep water hot for the longest period of time, typically up to 6-12 hours. It is designed to reduce heat loss through its layers, providing better insulation compared to regular cups. Vacuum-sealed bottles or cups are also good options for keeping liquids hot for extended periods.


Are molecules in cool substances closer together than in hot substances?

Yes, in general, molecules in cool substances are closer together than in hot substances. As substances cool down, their molecules lose energy and move more slowly, causing them to come closer together and form a more compact arrangement. Conversely, in hot substances, molecules have more energy and move rapidly, leading to increased distance between them.


What material shows something is hot?

Material can show that something is hot if it changes color, gives off light, emits steam or smoke, feels warm or hot to the touch, or increases in temperature when measured with a thermometer.

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