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Atoms of different elements are built of different numbers of protons, neutrons and electrons.

The most important property is the number of protons, or atomic number, as this defines the element. The number of electrons is equal to this. The number of neutrons can vary but should be given as it defines which isotope you have.

Alternatively, you can express this information as the proton number (i.e. number of protons) and the mass number (protons + neutrons). This latter method is more usual, and the two numbers are often written in front of the element's symbol. The positioning of the numbers is important, with the mass number on top and the proton number below. The script editor won't let me show this, but you'll see it in any chemistry book.

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