covalent non-polar because the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and phosphine is very slight
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_polarity
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronegativity
PH3 is a covalent bond, specifically a polar covalent bond. This is because phosphine (PH3) is formed when phosphorus shares its electrons with hydrogen to complete its valence shell, creating a partial negative charge on phosphorus and a partial positive charge on hydrogen.
Neither. It is hydrogeneous.
Phosphine (PH3) forms a molecular solid in which individual PH3 molecules are held together by weak van der Waals forces.
An ionic bond
The bond between P and H is covalent, eg in PH3
PH3 is a covalent bond, specifically a polar covalent bond. This is because phosphine (PH3) is formed when phosphorus shares its electrons with hydrogen to complete its valence shell, creating a partial negative charge on phosphorus and a partial positive charge on hydrogen.
Neither. It is hydrogeneous.
The bond angle in PH4 is higher than PH3 because PH4 has a tetrahedral molecular geometry with bond angles of about 109.5 degrees, while PH3 has a trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry with bond angles of about 107 degrees. This difference in bond angles is due to the presence of an additional hydrogen atom in PH4 compared to PH3.
Phosphine (PH3) forms a molecular solid in which individual PH3 molecules are held together by weak van der Waals forces.
No chemical bond, but a metallic bond.
An ionic bond
The bond between P and H is covalent, eg in PH3
HCl, NH3, PH3, HF, CS, H2CO, H2O have Lewis formulas that do not incorporate a double bond. CS2 has a Lewis formula with a double bond between the C and S atoms.
It contains a lone pair of electrons. Hence, it can donate it thereby ,its a base. The tendency to donate the electron pairs can determine the basicity of a base. Therefore, PF3 is less basic than PH3.
A double bond is found in an alkene. It consists of one sigma bond and one pi bond between the carbon atoms in the alkene molecule.
Both PH3 and NH3 have 3 bonding pairs and 1 lone pair of electrons around the central atom, and so are both trigonal pyramidal in shape. The bond angle in NH3 is less than 109.5º and that in PH3 is less than that in NH3 (maybe around 109º). The reason for this has to due with electronegativity. The N atom is more electronegative than the P atom and thus electron density of N's bonding electrons are closer to the N, and so they exert a greater repulsion on each other. This greater repulsion compared to that seen PH3 makes the bond angle slighter greater in NH3. P being less electronegative than N doesn't draw it's electrons as close so they don't repel as much.
The covalent bond.