aluminium
What you see as a pencil line is graphite - carbon. The graphite is held together by a clay which will contain very many elements specific to the clay being used.
Yes, 6000 series aluminum is heat treated with various methods. for Example. A "natural age" is used to achieve a T4 state in certain alloys by allowing the material to sit. However the typical method of ageing an aluminum extrusion is to temper it in an age oven by "baking" the aluminum for a determined amount of time at a specific temperature.
There is no change; specific heat is an intensive property of a material, independent of the amount.
An aluminum cookie sheet would not be a great idea. Aluminum has a specific heat of .900 J/g° Celsius. Specific heat is the heat an object has to get to before it starts actually heating up, so the higher the specific heat the harder it is to heat up. To have a comparison Gold, the best conducter metal, has a specific heat of .129 J/g° Celsius, and Water has a specific heat of 1.000 J/g° Celsius. Aluminum's specific heat is so high you might as well be baking cookies in water... if that were possible. Aside from that, if aluminum had a lower specific heat it would be great for a cookie sheet. It doesn't rust, its cheap (.05$ per oz), it doesn't explode while in contact with air or water (like potassium), and it generally lasts over a lifetime. But because the specific heat is so high, there's really no point in using it as a cookie sheet. I suggest copper.
element
Graphite is pure carbon with a specific crystalline structure.
No
In order to have your question answered, you would have to state which bar material. Young's Modulus is different and specific to the material to which it is applied. It will be different for steel than for iron or aluminum.
graphite is simply a name for a specific configuration of carbon molecules, like diamond
The carbon atoms in graphite are arranged in widely spaced layers.
Aluminum has no specific gravity, at least by the current definition of gravity.
Every substance has a specific gravity. Aluminum's is around 2.6 .
This varies from material to material. Aluminum can be as low as 500 degrees by some specs while steel can approach 2000 degrees while hot working. You need to be more specific on the material being hot worked.
2.09-2.23g/cm cubed
Which of the following is NOT a specific goal?
Because density is an intensive property, it does not depend on the amount of material. Density is a ratio between mass and volume, D=M/V. That specific ratio is constant for any material. For example, the smallest sample of aluminum and the largest sample of aluminum have a density of 2.70 g/cm^3 at room temperature. Density does change with temperature because temperature affects volume. The density of all samples of aluminum at its melting point is 2.375 g/cm^3.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aluminium
Graphite is pure carbon. A diamond is also pure carbon in a very specific crystal. Yet diamonds do not conduct electricity and graphite does. Graphite can form in plate like arrays of hexagonal crystals and in an amorphous, powdery form.