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Chemical reactions are a result of valence electron transfer and/or sharing. Valence electrons are located in the outer-most orbitals of the reactant elements.

In a sense, though, you could say protons are also involved in chemical reactions. Although an element will never donate, accept, or share protons in a CHEMICAL reaction, they are part of the determination in an elements reactivity.

Reactions that do involve protons are termed "nuclear reactions," and are not chemical reactions. In fact, a lot of the methods used to determine chemical reactions -- such as enthalpy -- cannot even be applied to nuclear reactions.

Neutrons, like protons are involved in nuclear reactions, but never in chemical reactions.

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