There were actually two scientist who performed the experiment, Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden but they did it under the direction of Ernest Rutherford.
The chemical bond in aluminum foil is a metallic bond. Aluminum atoms in the foil share their outer electrons with surrounding atoms in a sea of electrons, creating a strong bond that allows the foil to be malleable and conductive.
In Rutherford's metal foil experiment, some alpha particles passed straight through the foil, while others were deflected at various angles. A small fraction of the alpha particles even bounced back towards the source. This led Rutherford to conclude that atoms have a small, dense nucleus at their center.
For Rutherford's gold foil experiment, you will need the following materials: thin gold foil, alpha particles, a source for the alpha particles, a fluorescent screen or detector to observe the scattered particles, and a vacuum chamber to prevent air molecules from interfering with the experiment.
Most alpha particles passed straight through the foil, suggesting that atoms are mostly empty space. Some alpha particles were deflected at small angles, indicating the presence of a small, dense nucleus. A few were even reflected back, showing that the nucleus is positively charged.
Aluminum foil is made of pure aluminum, which forms metallic bonds between its atoms. Metallic bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons among a sea of delocalized electrons, giving aluminum its malleable and ductile properties.
Sodium nuclei are much smaller than gold nuclei. Therefore, more alpha particles will hit the larger nucleus of gold because it is a much bigger target.
Gold foil was typically used as the target in alpha particle atomic experiments in the early 1900s. This was famously utilized by Ernest Rutherford in his gold foil experiment to study the structure of the atom.
A metallic foil (from gold, silver, copper).
The chemical bond in aluminum foil is a metallic bond. Aluminum atoms in the foil share their outer electrons with surrounding atoms in a sea of electrons, creating a strong bond that allows the foil to be malleable and conductive.
They stop.
Rutherford fired alpha particles at the gold foil during his famous gold foil experiment. These alpha particles were positively charged and were emitted from radioactive elements.
Plastic - Foil is metallic and conducts heat easier
In foil, the target area is from the neck, down to the groin, but it goes around to the back also.
No, it's a metallic element, Al.
I believe they are called the Alpha particles and yes, they did pass through a sheet of gold foil.
A zinc sulfide coated screen surrounding the gold foil produced a flash of light whenever it was struck by an alpha particle. By noting where the flash occurred, the scientists could determine if the atoms in the gold foil deflected the alpha particles.
Most of the alpha particles shot at the gold foil went straight through the foil.