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There are two reasons:

  1. most naturally occurring elements are mixtures of different isotopes of the element, each having a different Atomic Mass which when the weighted average is calculated would not give whole numbers even if the individual atomic masses were all whole numbers
  2. the Mass Defect caused by the conversion of some of the mass of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus being converted to Binding Energy according to the equation E = M*c^2 which means that no more than one isotope of one element will have a whole number atomic mass which at various times was arbitrarily chosen to be hydrogen-1 (very old), oxygen-16 (old), nitrogen-14 (old), or carbon-12 (current) and new non-whole number atomic masses were recalculated for all other isotopes based on that one whole number atomic mass of the selected isotope.

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8y ago
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15y ago

because the mass of an electron is extremely small, making the atomic mass a whole number would be saying that the electron has no mass

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Q: Why aren't atomic masses of most elements whole numbers?
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