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in picric acid we cannot used direct nitration because of the phenol is very sensitive in oxidation of nitrate, to overcome this problem, we used a sulfuric acid added to phenol before the nitric acid. the reaction between NO2 and SO2 are reversible so the sulphate exchange with nitrate becoming tri nitrophenol
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What happens when phenol reacts with concentrated HNO3 plus H2SO4?
When phenol reacts with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), a mixture of products is formed, including picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) and water. This reaction is known as nitration of phenol and is used to synthesize picric acid, which is a yellow, explosive compound.
In real picric acid is not acid..then why it called acid?
Picric acid is acidic, as it has a fairly acidic phenolic proton. However, picric acid is not a carboxylic acid. Nevertheless, it is still called 'acid' because of its acidic proton, just as phenol was once called 'carbolic acid'.
Why is sulfuric acid used in aromatic nitration?
Sulfuric acid is used in aromatic nitration as a catalyst and as a source of protons to initiate the nitration reaction. It helps to activate the nitric acid by protonating it, making it a better electrophile. Additionally, sulfuric acid helps to absorb the water produced during the nitration process, which can improve the yield of the desired nitro compound.
Is picric acid a dye or fixative?
Picric acid is primarily used as a fixative in histology to preserve tissue specimens for microscopy. It is not commonly used as a dye in the same way that other chemicals like hematoxylin and eosin are used to stain tissues for visualization.
Why is picric and tannic acid used in treatment of burns?
Picric acid and tannic acid are used in the treatment of burns as they have astringent properties that help to contract blood vessels and reduce bleeding from damaged tissues. They also possess mild antiseptic properties that can help to prevent infection in burn wounds.
What happens when phenol reacts with concentrated HNO3 plus H2SO4?
When phenol reacts with concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) in the presence of sulfuric acid (H2SO4), a mixture of products is formed, including picric acid (2,4,6-trinitrophenol) and water. This reaction is known as nitration of phenol and is used to synthesize picric acid, which is a yellow, explosive compound.
Why was picric used in treating burns?
i truelywanna know why was picric acid used to treat burns?
What is the picricacid formual?
picric acid (or 2,4,6-trinitrophenol) is more acidic than benzoic acid The pKa or picric acid is 0.3 and that of benzoic acid is 4.2
In real picric acid is not acid..then why it called acid?
Picric acid is acidic, as it has a fairly acidic phenolic proton. However, picric acid is not a carboxylic acid. Nevertheless, it is still called 'acid' because of its acidic proton, just as phenol was once called 'carbolic acid'.
Why is sulfuric acid used in aromatic nitration?
Sulfuric acid is used in aromatic nitration as a catalyst and as a source of protons to initiate the nitration reaction. It helps to activate the nitric acid by protonating it, making it a better electrophile. Additionally, sulfuric acid helps to absorb the water produced during the nitration process, which can improve the yield of the desired nitro compound.
what is picramic acid?
Picramic acid is an organic compound that is derived from picric acid, which is a nitro compound. It has the chemical formula C6H4N2O3 and is formed by the reduction of picric acid. Picramic acid is primarily used in the synthesis of dyes and other organic compounds.
Why are picric acid used in the treatment of burns?
Picric acid reduced pain and infection and allowed the formation of a scab under which healing took place.Using a one percent solution of picric acid, the wound was cleansed and then all blisters were pricked to release the serum (blister fluid), taking care not to remove the blister itself. The burn was covered with sterilized gauze soaked in the picric acid solution. The gauze was padded with cotton wool and held in place with a light bandage. After three or four days, the dressing was soaked off and the wound redressed.
Is picric acid a dye or fixative?
Picric acid is primarily used as a fixative in histology to preserve tissue specimens for microscopy. It is not commonly used as a dye in the same way that other chemicals like hematoxylin and eosin are used to stain tissues for visualization.
Picric acid test?
In microbiology, microbial pathology and taxonomy:A variety of phenotypic tests can be used to identify and distinguish Mycobacteria strains and species from each other, one of them is thePicrate tolerance test: Ability to grow on Sauton agar containing picric acid (0.2% w/v) after 3 weeks
What is picric acid and it's use picric acid?
Picric acid, or 2,4,6-trinitrophenol, is a yellow crystalline compound that is both a powerful explosive and a chemical reagent. Historically, it was used as an explosive in military applications and as a precursor for the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals. Uses of Picric Acid: 1. Explosives: Primarily used in munitions during World War I and II, picric acid is a high explosive, often used in shells and bombs. 2. Chemical Reagent: In laboratories, it serves as a reagent in organic synthesis, particularly in the preparation of nitro compounds. 3. Biological Staining: It is used in histology and microscopy for staining tissues and cells. 4. Pharmaceuticals: While less common today, picric acid has been investigated for potential uses in medicine, such as in the treatment of certain conditions. 5. Research: It is utilized in various research applications, particularly in studying the properties of nitrogen-containing compounds. Despite its applications, picric acid is highly hazardous, both as an explosive and due to its toxic nature, necessitating careful handling and storage.
Why is picric and tannic acid used in treatment of burns?
Picric acid and tannic acid are used in the treatment of burns as they have astringent properties that help to contract blood vessels and reduce bleeding from damaged tissues. They also possess mild antiseptic properties that can help to prevent infection in burn wounds.
Why will nitration be less effective if only nitric (IV) acid alone is used?
Nitration will be less effective with only nitric (IV) acid (HNO₂) because it is a weaker nitrating agent compared to a mixture of nitric (V) acid (HNO₃) and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). The stronger oxidizing properties of nitric (V) acid facilitate the generation of the nitronium ion (NO₂⁺), which is the active electrophile in nitration reactions. Without sulfuric acid to protonate nitric acid and enhance the production of the nitronium ion, the reaction rate will be significantly reduced. Thus, the presence of both acids is essential for efficient nitration.
