Because they don't chemically react with anything to form a compound.
---------------------------------------------
And the reason they don't react or form compounds is because noble gases have a filled outer-most electron shell. The reason that all other elements react via ionic bonding, molecular bonding or metallic bonding is to achieve a filled outer-most electron shell. Since the noble gases already have that, they don't need to react. However, that doesn't mean that they never react. Large noble gases have loosely-held outer-most electrons and they can react with small, very electronegative elements to form compounds. Examples include xenon difluoride (XeF2), xenon hexafluoride (XeF6), etc.
Noble gases generally do not form compounds because they have fully filled electronic configuration, which leaves no unpaired electrones in orbitals. also the exitation energy is quite high. And actually noble gases like Kr ,Xe etc. form compounds like XeF6 XeOF4 etc.
A covalent bond is the sharing of two or more electrons between two atoms, this allows both atoms to fill their shells completely. If the outer shell of the atom is already filled with its electrons it doesn't need to form a covalent bond to share electrons because it is already full. So there fore they don't form covalent bonds.
Elements with a completely full outer shell of electrons are in their most stable state. therefore, achieving stability through the formation of compounds is not necessary.
When they contain a full outer shell, they are at their lowest state, therefore being unreactive.
composed of two or more nonmetallic elements.
Apart from the noble gases, all the elements in their natural state are unstable i.e. they don't have stable electronic configuration. In order to gain this stability, they gain or loose electrons and form ions. This develops an electrostatic force of attraction between ions and they form a bond. Apart from this, some elements do not loose or gain electrons but share electrons with other elements in order to become stable and thus form compounds.
The answer is to do with electronegativity difference. Metals generally have low values and non metals higher values. When an element with a low value combines with an element with a high value, usually the element with the low value LOSES electrons to form a positive ion while the other element gains the electron(s) and forms a negative ion. So an ionic compounds is formed. Compoiunds of this type usually contain a metal elements joined to non-metal element - so compounds 2 and 3 in your list are ionic. When the compound is made from only non-metal elements, electrons are not lost or gained but shared as these elements tend not to lose electrons or gain them. Instead they share electrons to make covalent bonds. If the result are small structures they will be molecular eg 1 and 4 in your list.
ions of the original elements
group 18 elements are what we call noble gasses. This means that their most outer shell called the valence shell has all 8 electrons. The reason why other elements are reactive is because all elements want to have a full valence shell because it makes them more stable. The noble gasses have a full shell so they are not very reactive.
When forming compounds, metal atoms usually donate some of their electrons to atoms of more electronegative elements to form compounds with ionic bonds. some metals can share electrons with other elements to form at least partially covalently bonded compounds. In elemental form, metal atoms share their electrons in what is called a "sea of electrons" that extends throughout the volume of a piece of elemental metal.
Inorganic compounds - usually made from elements other than
Helium is a member of the noble gas family of elements. The elements of this family do NOT usually form compounds with other elements.
Noble gases have completely filled orbitals / energy levels. They generally have 8 valence electrons (helium has only 2) and have stable electronic configuration. Hence they are chemically inert and generally do not form compounds under normal conditions.
Sharing electrons
A compound. Usually calcium carbonate.
composed of two or more nonmetallic elements.
In the nature the majority of chemical elements are found as compounds.
Transition Metals
Apart from the noble gases, all the elements in their natural state are unstable i.e. they don't have stable electronic configuration. In order to gain this stability, they gain or loose electrons and form ions. This develops an electrostatic force of attraction between ions and they form a bond. Apart from this, some elements do not loose or gain electrons but share electrons with other elements in order to become stable and thus form compounds.
Metal compounds made of two or more metallic elements are usually called ALLOYS. However, there are true compounds and these are often known simply as inter-metallic compounds.
Usually Hydrogen and Oxygen but also with other elements to a lesser extent.