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When you have two atoms of different elements, one of which has a much weaker attraction for electrons than the other one has, there is an exchange of electrons; one atom takes an electron (or in some cases, two or three electrons) from the other atom. This makes them both into ions since they will both have an electric charge. The atom that loses an electron will have a positive charge, and the atom that gains an electron will have a negative charge. And that what the term ion means, an electrically charged atom (or group of atoms - the same process can occur with the sulphate, nitrate, phosphate etc. radicals).

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