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You are probably referring to chromatography, if that is the case here is the explanation.

The components of the dye in question are all soluble in the alcohol, however the extent of this solubility is not the same for each individual substance. As the alcohol dissolves the dye and moves up the paper strip, it gradually begins to evaporate off the paper. When alcohol is evaporated, molecules that are less soluble in the alcohol will be forced out of solution and deposite onto the paper permanently. The longer the strip of paper and the longer the solvent front is allowed to move up the greater the extent of the separation of compounds, however they will always travel the same distance defined by the ration of the length the substance traveled compared to the length the solvent was allowed to travel. By using this method chemicals are identified based on how far they traveled.

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12y ago

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