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Proinsulin (a precursor to insulin) is made up of a polypeptide chain known in three parts as A, B and C. When proinsulin is converted to insulin the C part is cleaved off, leaving A and B attached only by disulfide bridges (C was in the middle of the polypeptide). In the Anfinsen experiment the beta-mercaptoethanol breaks these disulfide bridges, you now have two free, separate polypeptide chains. Thus there is no reason for them to go back together the way they originally were, just chance! It's not like a single polypeptide where the intermolecular interactions would determine how it refolded.
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How did scientist make insulin?
Scientists made insulin by isolating it from the pancreas of animals, such as pigs and cows, initially. Later, recombinant DNA technology allowed for the production of human insulin using genetically engineered bacteria or yeast cells. This process revolutionized insulin production, making it more widely available and reducing the risk of allergic reactions from animal-derived insulin.
How can you get the molar mass of insulin knowing just the grams of insulin in a sample and the number of molecules that that sample contains?
To find the molar mass of insulin, you first need to calculate the number of moles of insulin in the sample using the Avogadro's number and the number of molecules. Then, divide the grams of insulin by the number of moles to find the molar mass. The molar mass is expressed in grams per mole.
What methods can be used to find the equivalence point in a titration experiment?
In a titration experiment, the equivalence point can be found using methods such as using a pH meter to detect a sudden change in pH, using an indicator that changes color at the equivalence point, or using a titration curve to identify the point of neutralization.
What is the solvent in an experiment?
The solvent is the liquid you will be using if you are dissolving something in the experiment.
How did scientists convent information when using reverse transcriptase in insulin research?
Scientists used reverse transcriptase in insulin research by first isolating messenger RNA (mRNA) from cells that produce insulin. The reverse transcriptase enzyme then converted this mRNA into complementary DNA (cDNA), which could be used for further analysis and cloning. This allowed researchers to study the genetic basis of insulin production and potentially manipulate it for various applications.
How do you use an insulin pump correctly?
"When using an insulin pump, the reservoir needs to be filled with insulin. You do this by drawing insulin from a vial into the reservoir with the plunger, and then removing the needle."
How is insulin produced using bacteria in the manufacturing process?
Insulin is produced using bacteria in a process called recombinant DNA technology. In this process, the gene for human insulin is inserted into the DNA of bacteria, such as E. coli. The bacteria then produce insulin as they grow and multiply. The insulin is harvested and purified for use in treating diabetes.
Causation can be proved by using an?
experiment.
A sentence using the word mature?
I am anxious to try these apples when they mature.
Can insulin be made by using transgenic bacteria?
Yes. In fact, currently insulin manufacturers worldwide use transgenic (recombinant) bacteria to produce insulin efficiently.
A sentence using the word experiment?
i hate experiment
Diabetes Medicine?
Type I Diabetes is treated using insulin therapy. Insulin can be injected using many different methods, including syringes and insulin pumps. Type II diabetes medicine usually comes in pill form, and is combined with diet and exercise for better control.
Why is pig insulin being used as a substitute of human insulin?
Pig insulin is used as a substitute for human insulin in some cases because it is similar in structure and function to human insulin, making it effective in managing diabetes. Additionally, using pig insulin can be more cost-effective and readily available for some patients compared to human insulin.
Make a sentence using hypothesis controlled experiment and variable?
Make a sentence using hypothesis, controlled experiment and variable. Make a sentence using hypothesis, controlled experiment and variable.
What is one word for a test using scientific methods?
experiment
Why must hormones like insulin and oxytocin be injected?
You can't take insulin by mouth because the acids in your stomach would destroy it. http://www.healthline.com/sw/khs-using-injected-insulin
Do any of insulin ingredients come from the pig?
Yes, some forms of insulin are derived from the pancreas of pigs or cows. This type of insulin is referred to as animal insulin and is less commonly used today, with most insulin now being produced through genetic engineering using bacteria or yeast.
