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The electron gain enthalpies of Mg and P are almost zero because both elements are inherently stable in their neutral state (Mg+ and P-). They have a full valence shell configuration, which makes them reluctant to gain additional electrons and become more stable. This results in low electron affinity values for both elements.
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When does enthalpy become zero?
Enthalpy can be zero for a pure substance at its standard state, where it is defined as the enthalpy of formation. This typically occurs at a reference temperature and pressure specified for the substance.
Is the enthalpy of formation always negative?
No, the enthalpy of formation can be positive, negative, or zero, depending on the specific chemical reaction and the substances involved.
Why does neon have zero valency?
Neon has a complete outer electron shell with 8 electrons, making it stable and unreactive. Since it does not need to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, it is considered to have zero valency.
When is the mass of an electron regarded as zero?
The mass of an electron is regarded as zero when it is at rest. The mass of an electron or any particle is calculated by using its momentum and its energy. The mass of an electron is related to its momentum which is zero when the electron is not moving. So when the electron is at rest its momentum is zero and thus its mass is zero. When an electron is moving its mass is no longer zero as its momentum is not zero. It is calculated by using the following equation: Mass = Energy / (Speed of Light)2The mass of an electron increases as its energy increases and it increases even more when it is moving at a higher speed. So when the electron is at rest and its momentum is zero its mass is also zero.
What is the electron affinity of argon?
The electron affinity of argon, like all noble gases, is 0, or very close to it, due to its chemical inertness.
When does enthalpy become zero?
Enthalpy can be zero for a pure substance at its standard state, where it is defined as the enthalpy of formation. This typically occurs at a reference temperature and pressure specified for the substance.
Is the electron gain enthalpy positive for nitrogen?
its hard to understand why since Z effective for any element shows that it attracts electrons and the work done by the whole system in the diplacement of the electron by the force exerted by the effective nuclear charge will lowerise energy,as given by the formula U=-W,assuming U initial zero for the system.
Is the enthalpy of formation always negative?
No, the enthalpy of formation can be positive, negative, or zero, depending on the specific chemical reaction and the substances involved.
Why does neon have zero valency?
Neon has a complete outer electron shell with 8 electrons, making it stable and unreactive. Since it does not need to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration, it is considered to have zero valency.
When is the mass of an electron regarded as zero?
The mass of an electron is regarded as zero when it is at rest. The mass of an electron or any particle is calculated by using its momentum and its energy. The mass of an electron is related to its momentum which is zero when the electron is not moving. So when the electron is at rest its momentum is zero and thus its mass is zero. When an electron is moving its mass is no longer zero as its momentum is not zero. It is calculated by using the following equation: Mass = Energy / (Speed of Light)2The mass of an electron increases as its energy increases and it increases even more when it is moving at a higher speed. So when the electron is at rest and its momentum is zero its mass is also zero.
Why does oxygen gas not have an enthalpy of formation but ozone does?
Oxygen gas (O2) does not have an enthalpy of formation because it is an element in its standard state, which has an enthalpy of formation of zero by definition. Ozone (O3), on the other hand, is a compound and has a defined enthalpy of formation because it is formed from its elements in their standard states.
What is the electron affinity of argon?
The electron affinity of argon, like all noble gases, is 0, or very close to it, due to its chemical inertness.
When does an electron reach a state of zero energy?
An electron reaches a state of zero energy when it is at rest or in its ground state.
What name is given to a region of an electron probability density graph where the probability of finding the electron is zero?
The region of zero electron density is called a "node."
How many electrons must a halogen gain to reach stability?
Halogens are in the seventh group on the periodic table, and thus have seven electrons in their outer shell. In order to attain a noble gas configuration, it must gain an electron to form an octet, which is when eight electrons are in the outer shell.
What charge do the VIIIA noble gases have?
The VIIIA noble gases have a charge of zero since they have a full outer electron shell, making them stable and unreactive.
When does an electron reach zero energy?
An electron reaches zero energy when it is at rest or in a state of lowest energy level, typically in an atom's ground state.
