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You can imagine the electrons as being in a similar situation as the planets that circle the Sun. The centripetal force is the attraction by the Sun (for planets), and by the nucleus (for electrons). Remember that opposite forces attract each other.

Actually the situation is more complicated, due to certain quantum phenomena, but this should give you a general idea. Specifically, electrons are not free to travel in any orbit - they can't have just any energy, they can only be at very specific energy levels.

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15y ago

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