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Alpha decay and beta decay (both forms of it) are two different types of radioactive decay. The former has a basis in quantum mechanical tunneling, and the latter is mediated by the weak nuclear force (weak interaction). These two decay schemes will not occur together because of what might be called exclusion or blocking. In either decay scheme, the remaining nucleons in the nucleus undergo what might be termed a "renegotiation" of the terms and conditions under which they are stuck together. The changes within the decaying atomic nucleus are so profound from the point of view of the nucleons, those protons and neutrons that make up a nucleus, that they all effectively "feel" it at the same time. This instantaneous "knowing" among the nucleons, probably communicated by the residual strong force (nuclear binding energy), will prevent the other type of decay from taking place when the first one is "happening" to the nucleus.

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