An electron moves from the 4s sublevel to produce a completely filled 3d sublevel. A completely filled sublevel is more stable. Just because it has a filled d sublevel doesn't prevent it from being a transition metal. It has variable valence (1+ and 2+).
p-block elements have partially filled p-subshell. It is not completely filled.
noble gases.
According to definition, transition elements are those which have partially filled d-subshell in there elementary state or in one of the oxidation states. silver(z=47) can exhibit 2 oxidation state in which it has incompletely filled d-subshell (4d9). hence silver is regarded as trnsition element.
Ground state electron configuration of zinc (Zn): [Ar]3d104s2.
The electron configuration of ytterbium (Yb) is [Xe] 4f14 6s2. This means it has 2 electrons in the 6s subshell and a completely filled 4f subshell.
In most transition metals, the (d) subshell is typically only partially filled. Transition metals are characterized by having electrons in the (d) orbitals, which allows for various oxidation states and complex formation. The (s) subshell of the same principal energy level is usually filled before the (d) subshell begins to fill, leading to the partial filling of the (d) orbitals in these elements.
Argon has completely filled M shell (or 3p orbital)
In most transition metals, the d subshell is only partially filled. Transition metals typically have electrons in the d orbitals, which allows for a range of oxidation states and the formation of various compounds. The unique properties of these metals arise from the presence of these partially filled d orbitals.
A transition element are those element who have a partially filled d or f subshell in any common oxidation state. It is also any set of metallic elements occupying a central block in the periodic table such as copper, iron, manganese, and chromium.
p-block elements have partially filled p-subshell. It is not completely filled.
noble gases.
According to definition, transition elements are those which have partially filled d-subshell in there elementary state or in one of the oxidation states. silver(z=47) can exhibit 2 oxidation state in which it has incompletely filled d-subshell (4d9). hence silver is regarded as trnsition element.
There are two ions formed by copper. In copper(I) ion, the 3d orbital is fully filled, and show no transitional behaviour. Whereas copper(II) ion shows transitional characteristics as it has unfilled 3d orbitals. Therefore, copper is a transitional element.
In the elements from scandium (Sc, atomic number 21) to zinc (Zn, atomic number 30), the d subshell is being filled by electrons. Specifically, these elements are part of the transition metals, where the 3d subshell is progressively filled. As you move from scandium to zinc, the number of electrons in the 3d subshell increases from 1 in scandium to 10 in zinc.
Ground state electron configuration of zinc (Zn): [Ar]3d104s2.
The ground state electron configuration for copper (Cu), which has an atomic number of 29, is [Ar] 3d^10 4s^1. This configuration reflects the filling of the 3d subshell with ten electrons and one electron in the 4s subshell. The stability of the fully filled 3d subshell contributes to the unique electron arrangement of copper compared to its neighboring elements.
The electron configurations of chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) are exceptions to the expected order due to the stability gained from half-filled and fully filled d subshells. For chromium, having a half-filled 3d subshell (3d^5) provides extra stability, so one electron from the 4s subshell is promoted to the 3d subshell, resulting in 3d^5 4s^1. Similarly, for copper, a fully filled 3d subshell (3d^10) is more stable than having one more electron in the 4s subshell (3d^9 4s^2), leading to the configuration of 3d^10 4s^1.