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Why is oil and vinegar immiscible?

Updated: 8/11/2023
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11y ago

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The answer has to do with solubility properties.

Vinegar is polar, making it hydrophilic (water-loving). Therefore, they can interact with water, giving the appearance of mixing or dissolving. Oil is non-polar and hydrophobic (water-fearing). Therefore, it will not "mix" with water or vinegar.

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14y ago
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12y ago

Oil molecules are non-polar (has no separation of positive and negative charge). In contrast, vinegar molecules are polar (separation of positive and negative charges). Since the charges contained in the vinegar molecules have no opposite in the oil molecules, they will not combine.

(Note: The inability to combine the two can be overcome by using an emulsifier, which is a substance that will react with both substances, in effect bringing them together. [Ex. washing laundry - with just water some stains are left behind; add detergent, which is an emulsifier, and the dirt now joins with the water and is removed from the laundry])

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11y ago

Vinegar is a solution of water and acetic acid... both of which are polar. Oil is non-polar. Hydrogen bonding between the -OH groups of water and acetic acid allow for their miscibility, but no such bonds can be formed between either water or acetic acid and oil which is hydrophobic. When polar molecules get near non-polar molecules they line up nice and neat with the H atoms facing away from the polar molecule. This significantly reduces the entropy of the mixture. So, to maximize entropy, surface area of the oil must be reduced to as little as possible. For this reason, oil collects together to present the smallest surface area possible thereby maximizing entropy... and incidentally, since oil is lighter... it floats on top.

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15y ago

They form an emulsion. They do not form a solution because their solubility products are different. That is they don't form bonds with each other.

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13y ago

SUSPENSION

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Q: Why is oil and vinegar immiscible?
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