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The second ionization energy of oxygen is greater than fluorine because in oxygen, after the first electron is removed, the remaining electron is from a filled shell (2p^4). This electron in oxygen experiences greater electron-electron repulsion, making it harder to remove compared to the outer electron in fluorine which is in a half-filled shell (2p^5).

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How does fluorine's electronegativity compare to the electronegativigty of oxygen and chlorine?

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