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Organic compounds consist of central carbon (C) atoms covalently bonded to (usually hydrogen, H, atoms).

Because C is in group 4 on the Periodic Table, it only has 4 out of 8 valence electrons in its outer shell. Therefore it has 4 ready bonding sites.

Carbon can form single, triple or double covalent bonds with other atoms, which allows it to form many different compounds.

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