It is a Lewis base:
PCl3 has a lone electron pair in the highest occupied molecular orbital available for donation.
( Note: PCl5 is a Lewis acid!)
Phosphorous trichloride can react as a Lewis base:
PCl3 reacts rapidly and exothermically with water to form phosphorous acid, H3PO3 and HCl: PCl3 + 3 H2O → H3PO3 + 3 HCl
Phosphorus trichloride has a lone pair, and therefore can act as a Lewis base.
For example with the Lewis acids BBr3 it forms a 1:1 adduct, Br3B−−+PCl3.
Metal complexes such as Ni(PCl3)4 are also known.
coz PCl3 has one lone pair of electrons but PCl5 hasnt any but vacant d-orbital thus behaves as lewis acid
ZnCl2 is a lewis acid
base
PCl5 -----> PCl3 + Cl2
PCl5 is wildly used as a cyclizating agent becase it is more reactive than PCl3.
Phosphorous chlorides are: PCl3, PCl5, P2Cl4.
Phosphorus trichloride. There is also a phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5)
PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g)
PCl5 -----> PCl3 + Cl2
PCl5 is wildly used as a cyclizating agent becase it is more reactive than PCl3.
PCl3,PCl5
The reaction will proceed to the left. PCl5 will be formed. PCl3 will be consumed.
Phosphorus Chloride. You can also have PCl5 and P2Cl4
In PCl3 and PCl5 there is covalent bonding.
The reaction will proceed to the right. 2 PCl3 will be consumed.
Phosphorous chlorides are: PCl3, PCl5, P2Cl4.
It may be PCl3 or PCl5, depending upon conditions.
Phosphorus trichloride. There is also a phosphorus pentachloride (PCl5)
PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) PCl5(g)
minimum of three as in NH3, PCl3 maximum of five as in PCl5