it is a cholesthetic enzymes. if cbd obstructed it will increase
indicate liver disease whether obstructive or hepatocellular jaundice
bilirubin
Purple:) colourless or pale yellow, but in jaundice its colour is yellow.
Approximately 3 - 12 weeks depending on severity of case. However, your GP / physician will be able to comment on your individual circumstances.
These are all screening test, but not confirmation test. Red, cloudy urine means hematuria (blood in the urine) Red, clear urine means hemaglobinuria (hemaglobin in the urine. Dark reddish brown cola-colored urine means Myoglobinuria (myoglobin in the urine) Beer-brown-colored urine means indicative of bilirubin Dark red like port wine-colored urine means porphyrins (iron pigment). Very turbid urine means pyuria (Abnormal numbers of white blood cells in the urine) Orange Urine means the patient consume a lot of beta-carotene. Black to Dark brown urine means Alkaptonuria (melanin or homogentisic acid in the urine) Huge amount of urine means polyuria and may have type I/II diabetes High bilirubin levels in urine means hepatitis/jaundice High urobilinogen level in urine means excessive destruction of Red blood cells or patient have infectious mononucleosis. Low / No Urobilinogen and High Bilirubin in urine with high levels of bilirubin in the blood means Obstruction of Bile ducts/Obstructive jaundice Urine positive for Ketones means diabetic ketoacidosis, the patient is diabetic or having a crash diet. High glucose level in urine means lack of control of the diabetes High glucose level and normal blood sugar level means lowered renal threshold. Marked High Protein level in the urine means Nephrotic syndrome, Renal vein thrombosis, Amyloid disease, Lupus erythematosus. (4 gms/day) High protein level and heated at 100 C becomes normal/low protein level means multiple myeloma/macroglobulinemia. There are more informations if you bought the urinalysis book.
indirect biliruben is much more elevated in hemolytic jaundice than in obstructive jaundice in absence of sonographic finding of stone empaction in biliary tract
yes, obstructive jaundice.
copper
indicate liver disease whether obstructive or hepatocellular jaundice
Because bile salts have a depressant action on SA node..
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Pruritus is a symptom associated with a type of jaundice called obstructive jaundice. Jaundice is caused by too much bilirubin in the blood, which is a breakdown product of red blood cells. Normally the liver takes bilirubin, changes it a little, and squirts it into the intestines along with bile. When there is a blockage so that bilirubin in liver cells never makes it to the intestines, this is called obstructive jaundice. The pathogenesis of pruritus in cholestasis (one of the causes of jaundice) is unknown but several hypotheses have been proposed, including bile acid accumulation and increased opioidergic tone.
Jaundice is caused by a build up of bilirubin, that in itself is not thought to be painful but the underlying cause of the jaundice - biliary cirrhosis, pancreatitis, coagulopathy, renal and liver failure are all possible sources of pain and need to be further investigated. Obstructive jaundice, is caused by an interruption to the drainage of bile in the biliary system - this type of jaundice causes pain from an inflammation or blockage in a duct or organ. Jaundice and pain are symptoms of the underlying disease and needs to be treated as such.
The medical conditions indicated by enlarged bile ducts on this x ray test are obstructive or non-obstructive jaundice, gallstones, hepatitis, cirrhosis, granulomatous disease, cancer.
The location and severity of abdominal pain and the presence or absence of fever help the doctor to distinguish between hepatic and obstructive jaundice.
Yellow jaundice is not a disease but rather a sign that can occur in many different diseases. Jaundice is the yellowish staining of the skin and sclerae (the whites of the eyes) that is caused by high levels in blood of the chemical bilirubin. The color of the skin and sclerae vary depending on the level of bilirubin. When the bilirubin level is mildly elevated, they are yellowish. When the bilirubin level is high, they tend to be brown. White jaundice: old term for chlorosis
Gall stones are usually multiple. In such case you have to get the gall bladder removed by operation. Otherwise the gall stone may enter the common bile duct and may cause obstructive jaundice. That is serious condition.