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Why should a thermometer not touch the sides of the test tube and should be placed in the middle?
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
If you place the thermometer so it touches the sides of the test tube, you are measuring the temperature of the test tube, not the substance in the test tube. So, in order to get an accurate reading of the substance, do not touch the sides of the test tube with the thermometer.
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Wiki User
∙ 9y agoThe bottom is hotter.
When you are heating a beaker on a hot plate or even on a stove, the very bottom of the beaker is much hotter than the rest of the solution, especially if the solution is not very well stirred. The heat moves from the hot plate, through the bottom of the beaker and into the solution. Then the heat is transferred throughout the solution, but not instantly. So the heat is not distributed perfectly evenly throughout -- the top and sides of the container will be slightly cooler than the bottom. If the solution is stirred very strongly, the temperature won't be so uneven, but no matter water, the bottom of the beaker will be somewhat hotter than the rest of the solution. If the thermometer is touching the bottom of the beaker, it will read a hotter temperature than is real temperature of the solution.
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One of the problems with water in a thermometer is the effect of capillary action - the column of water tends to "stick" to the sides of the thermometer and create a U-shaped surface at the top. This makes it very difficult to read the thermometer. Previously mercury was considered to be a good medium for thermometers, but this has been discontinued due to the health risks from a broken mercury thermometer; the current medium in thermometers is dyed ethanol or methanol.
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