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Ionized calcium is calcium that is freely flowing in your blood and not attached to proteins. It is also called free calcium.
All cells need calcium in order to work. Calcium helps build strong bones and teeth. It is important for heart function, and helps with muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and blood clotting.
This article discusses the test used to measure the amount of ionized calcium in blood.
See also: Serum calcium
Alternative NamesFree calcium; Ionized calcium
How the test is performedBlood is typically drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The site is cleaned with germ-killing medicine (antiseptic). The health care provider wraps an elastic band around the upper arm to apply pressure to the area and make the vein swell with blood.
Next, the health care provider gently inserts a needle into the vein. The blood collects into an airtight vial or tube attached to the needle. The elastic band is removed from your arm.
Once the blood has been collected, the needle is removed, and the puncture site is covered to stop any bleeding.
In infants or young children, a sharp tool called a lancet may be used to puncture the skin and make it bleed. The blood collects into a small glass tube called a pipette, or onto a slide or test strip. A bandage may be placed over the area if there is any bleeding.
How to prepare for the testYou should not eat or drink for at least 6 hours before the test. Your doctor may tell you to temporarily stop taking any drugs that can affect the test results. Calcium salts, hydralazine, lithium, thiazide diuretics, and thyroxine can increase your level of ionized calcium.
Never stop taking any medicine without first talking to your doctor.
Why the test is performedYour doctor may order this test if you have signs of kidney or parathyroid disease. The test may also be done to monitor persons who have already been diagnosed with such diseases.
Usually, blood tests measure your total calcium level, which looks at both ionized calcium and calcium attached to proteins. You may need to have a separate ionized calcium test if you have factors that increase or decrease total calcium levels, such as abnormal blood levels albumin or immunoglobulins.
Normal ValuesNormal values may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory.
- Children: 4.4 - 6.0 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL)
- Adults: 4.4 - 5.3 mg/dL
Greater-than-normal levels may be due to:
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Immobilization
- Decreased urinary calcium levels of unknown cause (idiopathic hypocalciuria)
- Metastatic bone tumor
- Milk-alkali syndrome
- Multiple myeloma
- Paget's disease
- Sarcoidosis
- Too much vitamin D
- Certain types of tumors
- Use of thiazide diuretics
Lower-than-normal levels may be due to:
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Malabsorption
- Osteomalacia
- Pancreatitis
- Renal failure
- Rickets
- Vitamin D deficiency
Fukagawa M, Kurokawa K, Papadakis MA. Fluid & electrolyte disorders. In: McPhee SJ, Papadakis MA, Tierney LM Jr. Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2007. New York, NY: McGraw Hill; 2007.
Wysolmerski JJ, Insogna KL. The parathyroid glands, hypercalcemia, and hypocalcemia. In: Goldman L, Ausiello D, eds. Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders Elsevier; 2007:chap 266.
What else can I help you with?
Use the Harvard Classification Scheme (shown in the table above) to answer the following quesiton The Sun contains spectral lines from neutral sodium and calcium as well as ionized calcium magnesium a?
The Sun is classified as a G2V star according to the Harvard Classification Scheme. This indicates that it is a main sequence star with a surface temperature of around 5,500°C. The spectral lines from neutral sodium and calcium suggest the presence of these elements in the Sun's atmosphere, while the ionized calcium and magnesium lines indicate their presence in the outer layers of the Sun.
What is the chemical make up of ionized water?
Ionized water is a mixture of water and dissolved minerals such as calcium and magnesium. In order to become ionized, water is subjected to a process called electrolysis - a process that subjects water to electrical current. Ionized water molecules will have either excess protons or electrons as a result of the electrolysis. Water with excess protons will become alkaline in pH, water with excess electrons will become acidic.
What is the normal reading for calcium in the body?
The serum level of calcium is closely regulated with a normal total calcium of 2.2-2.6 mmol/L (9-10.5 mg/dL) and a normal ionized calcium of 1.1-1.4 mmol/L (4.5-5.6 mg/dL). The amount of total calcium varies with the level of serum albumin, a protein to which calcium is bound. The biologic effect of calcium is determined by the amount of ionized calcium, rather than the total calcium. Ionized calcium does not vary with the albumin level, and therefore it is useful to measure the ionized calcium level when the serum albumin is not within normal ranges, or when a calcium disorder is suspected despite a normal total calcium level.Corrected calcium levelOne can derive a corrected calcium level when the albumin is abnormal. This is to make up for the change in total calcium due to the change in albumin-bound calcium, and gives an estimate of what the calcium level would be if the albumin were within normal ranges.Corrected calcium (mg/dL) = measured total Ca (mg/dL) + 0.8 (4.0 - serum albumin [g/dL]), where 4.0 represents the average albumin level in g/dL. in other words, each 1 g/dL decrease of albumin will decrease 0.8 mg/dL in measured serum Ca and thus 0.8 must be added to the measured Calcium to get a corrected Calcium value.Or: Corrected calcium (mmol/L) = measured total Ca (mmol/L) + 0.02 (40 - serum albumin [g/L]), where 40 represents the average albumin level in g/Lin other words, each 1 g/L decrease of albumin, will decrease 0.02 mmol/L in measured serum Ca and thus 0.02 must be added to the measured value to take this into account and get a corrected calcium.When there is hypoalbuminemia (a lower than normal albumin), the corrected calcium level is higher than the total calcium.
What is the difference between ionized water and regular water?
Regular water is water that has had sodium, iron, calcium, chloride, bromide, and copper removed. Ionized water is water that has sodium, calcium, iron, copper, chloride, bromide and a pH higher than 7.
Are ionized molecules less reactive than non-ionized molecules?
Ionized molecules are generally more reactive than non-ionized molecules because they have unpaired electrons or a charge that makes them more likely to participate in chemical reactions. This increased reactivity is due to the higher energy state of ionized molecules compared to non-ionized ones.
What color tube is ionized calcium?
Ionized calcium is a green tube.
Is calcium written as Ca2 and ionized calcium as Ca?
No. elemental calcium is Ca. The calcium ion is Ca2+
What happens with calcium in alkalosis?
In alkalosis, the elevated pH levels in the blood can lead to decreased ionized calcium levels. This occurs because alkalosis increases the binding of calcium to proteins, particularly albumin, resulting in less free calcium available in the bloodstream. Consequently, symptoms such as muscle spasms or tetany may arise due to the lower levels of ionized calcium, which is critical for proper neuromuscular function.
How many valence electrons does calcium lose?
Calcium loses 2 valence electron to become ionized.
Why cant Calcium Carbonate CaCO4 conduct electriscity when mixed with de-ionized water?
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) does not conduct electricity when mixed with de-ionized water because it does not dissociate into ions in water to carry an electric current. De-ionized water lacks ions needed for the conduction of electricity, and calcium carbonate does not ionize in water due to its low solubility.
Use the Harvard Classification Scheme (shown in the table above) to answer the following quesiton The Sun contains spectral lines from neutral sodium and calcium as well as ionized calcium magnesium a?
The Sun is classified as a G2V star according to the Harvard Classification Scheme. This indicates that it is a main sequence star with a surface temperature of around 5,500°C. The spectral lines from neutral sodium and calcium suggest the presence of these elements in the Sun's atmosphere, while the ionized calcium and magnesium lines indicate their presence in the outer layers of the Sun.
What is an electrolyte disorder?
An electrolyte disorder is an imbalance of certain ionized salts (i.e., bicarbonate, calcium, chloride, magnesium, phosphate, potassium, and sodium) in the blood
How is the calcium ion represented?
The calcium ion is represented by the chemical symbol Ca2+. It is a cation with a 2+ charge due to the loss of two electrons, making it an important element in various biological processes such as muscle contraction and nerve function.
What major plasma protein is involved in the interpretation of how calcium is measured?
The major plasma protein involved in the interpretation of how calcium is measured is albumin. Albumin binds to calcium in the blood, and changes in albumin levels can affect the total calcium concentration. Therefore, total serum calcium measurements may need to be adjusted for albumin levels to accurately assess the biologically active (ionized) calcium. This adjustment is crucial for diagnosing and managing conditions related to calcium metabolism.
What is CPT code 80047?
CPT Code 80047Basic metabolic panel (Calcium, ionized)This panel must include the following:Calcium, ionized (82330)Carbon dioxide (82374)Chloride (82435)Creatinine (82565)Glucose (82947)Potassium (84132)Sodium (84295)Urea Nitrogen (BUN) (84520)
What would happen if you tried to swallow a lump of the element calcium without the compound calcium?
Your body would not be able to absorb the pure element calcium as-is. In its elemental form, calcium is not soluble in water and cannot be efficiently digested. It is essential to consume calcium in compounds like calcium carbonate, found in foods and supplements, for it to be effectively utilized by the body. Swallowing a lump of pure calcium could lead to digestive issues or blockages.
What is the chemical make up of ionized water?
Ionized water is a mixture of water and dissolved minerals such as calcium and magnesium. In order to become ionized, water is subjected to a process called electrolysis - a process that subjects water to electrical current. Ionized water molecules will have either excess protons or electrons as a result of the electrolysis. Water with excess protons will become alkaline in pH, water with excess electrons will become acidic.
