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What is the effect of the salt contamination of aggregate in concrete?
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
It would weaken the concrete, so keep out the salt.
Wiki User
∙ 13y ago
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Is concrete driveway appropriate for a cold climate?
Absolutely. Most people in cold climates are concerned about the effects of salt, even road salts that are transferred to the driveway. There are some very simple things you can do to protect yourself and they all begin with planning and construction. See the link below to for an article on protecting concrete from the effects of salt.
How do I put in a concrete driveway?
Dig out app. 10 inches of soil. Fill 6 inches of hardpack (crushed concrete). This is for drainage and frost heave prevention. Bring in the concrete truck after renting floats and trowels and building frame. The whole driveway should be surrounded by 1X wood or PVC particle board sprayed with wd 40. The side of the 1X facing away from the concrete should have spikes in the ground and fastened to the board. You level the concrete to the top of these boards. It's like a big frame surrounding the project and you should take your time in building it, for level, runoff and evenness. Have a wheelbarrel and a few extra hands ready (the driver charges by the minute after a certain amount of time). The concrete should be fiber reinforced mix. This type eliminates the need for metal screening or fencing over the hardpack and suspended in the concrete for strength. Be advised, if you're in a snowy region, salt will be your only advisary, don't use it, salt eats concrete. You also need to put in stress gaps from side to side every 8 feet or more depending on width. When the concrete cracks it will crack along these lines. You do this when the concrete starts setting up but is still soft. Finish trowel all the edges. Screen the concrete with a long board across the width (from board top to board top and then use the float to smooth it. Keep a few wheel barrells full of concrete ready so you can get rid of the truck and still have concrete for leveling and fill after a majority of the concrete has been shovelled in. A tool rental agency may have tips and advice also.
Difference of Sodium and calcium lignosulfonate in concrete application?
Calcium lignosulfonate in concrete action and dosage - Stone Refractories I. Calcium lignosulfonate water reduction in concrete reinforced role Calcium lignosulfonate and sodium lignosulfonate reducing agent is a surface-active agent, added to the concrete, due to the orientation of hydrophobic groups adsorbed on the surface of cement particles, so that the cement with a negative charge. Cement particles have the same charge in the charge repulsion exclusion from each other under the action of dispersion of cement in water the initially-formed into a dispersion structure floc structure, flocculation cohesion body of free water is released, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing agent. Observations show that lignin added to the concrete after mixing for 5 minutes more than 80% of the reducing agent is adsorbed, clearly visible under the electron microscope, the center point of significantly increased hydration, hydration evenly distributed, hydrated crystal fibers longer various microscopic characteristics. Thus, the adding of calcium lignosulfonate, leaving the pores free water evaporation is small, dense internal structure, that is, reduction of the porosity is clearly beneficial to increase the strength of concrete, cement improves the size and distribution of the pore structure conditions, the crystal growth rate slow, crystal growth more fully, and thus get more fibrous crystals interspersed with each other to form a strong network structure, so that the concrete strength significantly increased. Therefore, in concrete mixed with lignin superplasticizer, concrete mixture can reduce water consumption and reduce water-cement ratio, improved workability, is conducive to pumping, improve concrete strength, density and durability. Second, the lignin water reducer in concrete dosage and key performance indicators 1, to improve concrete performance: When the same amount of cement, concrete slump similar to the blank can reduce water consumption by 10-15%, 10-20% increase in 28-day strength, a strength of about 10%. 2, saving cement consumption: When the concrete strength and slump similar, can save about 10% of cement, use one ton of cement water reducing agent can save 30-40 tons. 3, to improve the workability of concrete: When the amount of cement concrete and water consumption constant, low plasticity of concrete slump can be increased about twice (by a 3-5cm up to 8-18cm), early strength and undoped who was close. 4, lignin retarding effect: 0.25% lignin superplasticizer mixed after the slump in keeping basically the same, the initial setting time 1-2 hours delay ordinary cement, slag cement 2-4 hours, and finally 2 hours setting time of portland cement, slag cement 2-3 hours, if not reduce water consumption and increase the slump, or when the slump while maintaining the same amount of cement used to save, then the setting time delay greater extent than less water greater. 5, can reduce early hydration heat: exothermic peak are longer than the delay undoped, about 3 hours of Portland cement, slag cement about 8 hours, 11 hours or more concrete dam, the exothermic peak maximum temperature and not miserable by comparison, ordinary cement is slightly lower, slag cement and cement dam were lower than 3 ℃ 6, concrete air content increased: blank concrete air content of about 1%, 0.25% lignin mixed concrete air content of 2.3 percent. 7, the bleeding rate decreased: in concrete slump basically the same case, the doped lignin bleeding rate than those who are not doping can be reduced more than 30%, while maintaining the same water-cement ratio, increasing slump situation , it is also due to the introduction of air lignin hydrophilic and other reasons, the bleeding rate. 8, shrinkage performance: initial (1-7) days compared with non-water-reducing admixture, was close to or slightly decreased, 28 days and late (except saving cement above), a slight increase, but the increase values ​​did not exceed 0.01% (0.01mm / m). 9, to improve the density of concrete, improve concrete impermeability. By the B = 6 grade up to B = 12-30 level. 10, no chlorine salt, no corrosion of steel hazards. Usage of lignosulfonates on the base of sodium, relating to the hydrofilizing plastificators, at the concrete manufacture and dry construction mixtures lets to reduce the consumption of components up to 10-15%. Demixing of the concrete mass reduces and its solidity rises, the speed of hardening slows down. They insert additives of lignosulfonates in the quantity of 0,15-0,20%, it is necessary to insert superplastificators from the mass of dry substance in the quantity of 0,5-2,0% from the mass of dry concrete. When replacing superplastificators by lignosulfonates the solidity of concrete rises up to 20-25%, freeze resistance - in 3-4 times and the cost of mixtures reduces cause of adding of small amount of lignosulfonates, what is connected with their adsorbtion on the surface of hard phase. Usage of lignosulfonates reduces humidity of raw mud if conserving its flow behavior, what rises the manufacture of stove and reduces specific flow volume to the burning of clinker. With the usage of intensifier on the base of lignosulfonates the production of grinding units rises and there is an opportunity to change expensive and deficit chemical products. more information please visit:www.greenagrochem.com
What is Glazed Vitrified Tiles?
First of all why Glazed? Glazing, increase the tiles resistance towards water and stains because of the glaze, it has an attractive look, as a wide variety of colors and designs can be created with glaze, with matt finish. Now normal vitrified tile is one type of soluble salt. Vitrified tiles are not stain resistance and scratch resistance, to make the vitrified tiles strong, glazing is done on the surface.
What is dome?
A dome is a generally spherical, ovoid, or hemispherical shape, found in nature and also used in architecture. The basic characteristic is a three-dimensionally curved exterior, which may have a hollow interior. Examples of domes include various covered sports stadiums, the rotunda of the US Capitol building, St. Peter's Basilica, and the geodesic dome at Epcot Center in Orlando, Florida. Natural domes are created underground by the dissolving of salt and other compounds, and in rock formations such as Half Dome in Yosemite National Forest.
Romans developed a new building material called .?
The Ancient Romans were responsible for the invention of concrete. Roman concrete was used in construction throughout the late Roman Republic era until the fall of the Roman Empire. The concrete was composed of a type of aggregate (rock, ceramic tile and rubble from previously demolished buildings) and binders (gypsum and lime were used, but volcanic sand was preferred due to its resistance to salt water).
What melts ice the fastest sand catliter or salt?
Salt will melt it the fastest but too much salt can damage concrete and blacktop. Sand or cat litter work well to help with traction but have little effect on melting.
Should you use salt water to mix concrete?
Mixing salt water with concrete is not advised. The concrete will not set up properly and will crumble very easily.
What happens to concrete if it is soaked in salt water?
Concrete is corroded by salted water.
Does homeostasis effect salt concentration?
homeostasis does have salt effect, when you sweat you lose water and salt
Will salt water damage concrete?
yes
How does sun effect the salt in the ocean?
The Sun does not effect the salt in the ocean.
How to remove salt buildup from concrete fountains?
there is no possible way of removing salt from concrete. it has embedded itself inside and causes more damage than rebar deteriation acids -sweep as much salt as you can away from concrete and do not wet it-salt crystallises everytime you wet it-its like freezing water over and over again -breaks down concrete-email me chris.cmworks@gmail.com-
What causes soil to become brackish?
- after irrigation salt from the water remain in the soils- in some regions rivers carry salted waters from the mountains- a local contamination from an industrial activity- contamination from sea water or other bodies of salt water
What happens to new concrete when you put salt on it?
explodes
Can salt water be used for cement mixtures?
Generally, salt is harmful to concrete. It will seriously corrode any reinforcing steel. The salt crystals, when the concrete is dry, will weaken the concrete. The setting of cement is a complex set of chemicals, calcium sulphates and silicates mainly. The presence of salt may interfere with these crystals forming, which may take years.
What is best to use on concrete to melt ice?
rock salt is an old standby but has been known to damage the concrete over time. I've been told that the salt used in water softeners does a good job and doesnt harm the concrete.
