Czechoslovakia.
Which one? Without knowing which one and the condition, it really isn't possible to give you a decent answer. Most aren't worth much - about .20
A stamp with "LAR" on it comes from the country of Liberia. The abbreviation "LAR" represents the currency of Liberia, which is the Liberian dollar (LRD). This is commonly used in philatelic contexts to indicate the country of origin for the stamp.
France or one of its territories. Republic of France is what the RF stands for.
Ceskoslovensko is the Czech term for Czechoslovakia, a former country in Central Europe that existed from 1918 until its peaceful dissolution into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993. It was located between Germany to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east, and Austria and Hungary to the south. Today, the territories of Czechoslovakia are divided into two independent nations: the Czech Republic and Slovakia.
Česka Republicka is how you say it. The previous answer, "ceskoslovensko", actually means "czechoslovakian".
For which country?
Spains
No, the United States does not typically stamp passports upon exit from the country.
As of 2022, Canada does not typically stamp passports upon entry into the country.
The stamp featuring "POSTES" at the top and "DIX CENTS" at the bottom is from France. This design indicates its denomination as ten cents. French postage stamps with similar designs have been issued throughout the country's postal history.
There isn't any stamp that is called a penny purple. You need to describe the stamp - include country and if you can date and what is on the stamp.
No, Canada does not stamp United States passports upon entry into the country.