A coin which has "circulated" shows evidence of use in commerce, such as luster interruption, wear, circulation marks, dirt, etc. Conversely, an "uncirculated" coin displays no such evidence.
Lots of wear on the coin and the lowest grading possible.
edge of a coin with grooved lines that run around the entire perimeter of the coin
In coin collecting, it means Brilliant Uncirculated, a very nice coin, but not as good as a Proof coin.
A coin described as "Premium Quality" is an above average example.
It means the front side the "heads" of the coin. The reverse is the opposite end often called the "tails" of a coin.
The term "circulated" in the world of coins means not in mint condition. In particular, any coin that you find in change is by definition circulated. The way you can tell is by looking closely at the coin and checking for dents, scratches, wear and other signs that the coin has been used (circulated). If in doubt, get it graded by your local coin shop and have them evaluate it for you.
A coin collection is called, well, a coin collection. The hobby of collecting coins is called numismatics.
If you mean an 1853 $1 gold coin value can be $125.00 to $270.00 for a circulated coin. And more than $300.00 for uncirculated coins.
a coin collector
The most circulated coin would be the half dollar. I am not much of a coin expert but I have seen the half dollar mostly circulated then any other coin. That is if your thinking about coins that the mint had stopped making or don't make much of any more.
It means "premium quality". It is not an official form of grading.
An uncirculated coin is bought at the time of it's release, in some sort of protective packaging. If it is out of the packaging, it loses it's status as "uncirculated" and becomes "almost uncirculated" (aUnc), ie. it has been handled. If a coin is in such good condition that you have trouble telling whether or not it has been circulated, get a magnifying glass and examine it very closely. A circulated coin will have very small scratches and nicks on the smooth surfaces. Discolouration or a darkening of the coin does not necessarily mean that it has been circulated.