What are the merits and demerits of iqta system?

Answer 1

The iqta system, an administrative structure in medieval Islamic empires, had several merits, including efficient tax collection and local governance, which helped ensure loyalty and stability in various regions. It allowed rulers to delegate power and manage vast territories effectively. However, its demerits included potential abuse of power by iqta holders, leading to local tyranny, and the fragmentation of authority, which sometimes weakened central control and contributed to political instability. Overall, while the iqta system facilitated administration, it also posed challenges to governance and equity.