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What is the difference between step index and graded index optical fiber?
1. Step index fiber is of two types viz; mono mode fiber and multi mode fiber. Graded index fiber is of only of one type that is multi mode fiber. 2. The refractive index of the core of the step index fiber is constant through out the core. The refractive index of the core of the graded index fiber is maximum at the center of the core and then it decreases towards core-cladding interface. 3. Number of modes for step index fiber N = V2/2, where V is cut off frequency or normalized frequency or V- number Number of modes for graded index fiber is N = V2/ 4. 4. V number can be less that 2.405 or more that 2.405 for step index fiber V number is always more than 2.405 for graded index fiber. 5. Step Index Fiber is a fiber in which the core is of a uniform refractive index and there is a sharp decrease in the index of refraction at the cladding. Graded Index Fiber is a type of fiber where the refractive index of the core is lower toward the outside of the fiber. It bends the rays inward and also allows them to travel faster in the lower index of refraction region. This type of fiber provides high bandwidth capabilities.
What do you mean by grapevine type of communication?
Its basically a gossip type of communication
What do you mean by kinesis in communication?
Kinesis in communication is body motion. This is a type of communication.
The type of communication within ourselves?
Communication that takes place within ourselves is intrapersonal communication.
Which communication level has the greatest impact on the receiver?
A type of communication which has greatest impact is written communication
What type of Electromagnetic radiation used in optical fiber communication?
Optical fiber communication primarily uses infrared light as the type of electromagnetic radiation. This is because infrared light has a longer wavelength that is well-suited for transmitting data over long distances through optical fibers with minimal signal loss.
What type of Conductor uses light?
An optical fiber is a type of conductor that uses light to transmit data. Light signals are sent through the core of the fiber, which is usually made of glass or plastic, allowing for high-speed communication over long distances.
Objective type question on optical fiber?
An objective type of question on optical fiber is on that focuses on the integral part of fiber optic. A good question would be, " Why are optical fibers immune to EMI? "
What type of waves carry optical fibre signals?
Light waves carry optical fiber signals. These waves are typically in the infrared range and are able to travel long distances through the fiber without losing signal strength.
What is optical communication?
An optical fiber is a flexible, transparent fiber made of very pure glass (silica) not much bigger than a human hair that acts as a waveguide, or "light pipe", to transmit light between the two ends of the fiber. The field of applied science and engineering concerned with the design and application of optical fibers is known as fiber optics. Optical fibers are widely used in fiber-optic communications, which permits transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths (data rates) than other forms of communication. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss and are also immune to electromagnetic interference. Fibers are also used for illumination, and are wrapped in bundles so they can be used to carry images, thus allowing viewing in tight spaces. Specially designed fibers are used for a variety of other applications, including sensors and fiber lasers.
What is optic fiber?
Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of light through an optical fiber. The light forms an electromagnetic carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. First developed in the 1970s, fiber-optic communication systems have revolutionized the telecommunications industry and have played a major role in the advent of the Information Age. Because of itsadvantages over electrical transmission, optical fibers have largely replaced copper wire communications in core networks in the developed world.The process of communicating using fiber-optics involves the following basic steps: Creating the optical signal involving the use of a transmitter, relaying the signal along the fiber, ensuring that the signal does not become too distorted or weak, receiving the optical signal, and converting it into an electrical signal.A Fiber Optic is a piece of plastic or glass with light going through it.A technology that uses glass or plastic to transmit data.this data can be a cable tv data,computer networking data or telephone data .
Is optical fiber ihollow or not?
The main part of an optical fiber is a glass fiber (NOT hollow) within another glass fiber of another type of glass. Both types of glass have a different index of refraction; the signal travels through the inner glass fiber.
Can you describe fiber optic cable?
An optical fiber cable is a cable containing one or more optical fibers. The optical fiber elements are typically individually coated with plastic layers and contained in a protective tube suitable for the environment where the cable will be deployed.
What about Cable Monitoring System?
GLSUN optical cable monitoring system, combined with OTDR, optical switch, and upper-level network management software, form a systematic and intelligent system integrating functions of testing, analysis, alarm, positioning, information management, and worksheet. It features high integration density, strong commonality, abundant product form, and flexible upgrading and expansion. Fiber In-Service Monitoring Light sources of different wavelengths will not interfere with each other in the transmission process in optical fiber. Based on this principle, we combine the service light [wavelength 1550] and test light [wavelength 1650] for transmission, so that the quality of optical fiber can be monitored without interruption of service. Spare Fiber Monitoring Spare fiber monitoring is to inject the monitoring signal into the spare fiber and indirectly observe the loss of other fiber in the cable by monitoring the loss of the spare fiber. Since the monitoring signal goes through the spare optical fiber, passive device such as filter is not required, which can effectively reduce the installation process and cost of the system. Fiber Out-of-Service Monitoring Optical fiber out-of-service monitoring refers to monitoring the original communication optical fiber in the condition that communication equipment is interrupted. Therefore, passive devices such as filter are not required, which can effectively reduce the installation process and system cost of the system. The disadvantage is that communication equipment needs to be interrupted. Application: Optical switch + OTDR Monitoring Scheme Optical power monitoring scheme can monitor the total loss of optical fiber, but it can not reflect the loss performance of optical fiber, nor can it find the fault of optical fiber. While OTDR can monitor the loss performance of the fiber. It can find the failure type and accurately by analyzing the OTDR curve. Since OTDR costs are relatively high, optical switch is needed to switch to different optical fibers, so as to reduce the cost of the whole system. By controlling the 1xN optical switch, the control unit starts the OTDR to test the optical fiber loss performance in turn. By analyzing the test curve of OTDR, the purpose of optical fiber monitoring is achieved. Application: Optical Power Detector + Optical Switch + OTDR Monitoring Scheme This scheme can effectively solve the problem of poor timeliness for fault report of optical switch + OTDR scheme. The optical power detector monitors the total loss of the optical fiber in real-time. If any abnormality is found, the control unit is informed to start and switch to the abnormal optical fiber and conduct OTDR fiber performance test. The alarm type and will be identified by analyzing OTDR curve. The control unit can also control the OTDR and optical switch for periodic tests and roll call tests. However, this scheme still has the problem of poor timeliness caused by OTDR polling in case of abnormality of multiple monitored fibers. Application: PON + Optical Switch + OTDR Monitoring Scheme With the development of FTTX, PON network monitoring and maintenance has been mentioned on the agenda by telecom operators or special network users. Glsun developed high sampling accurate OTDR module for PON monitoring. Reference from www dot glsunmall dot com
What are the significance of acceptance angle in fiber?
as we know that we apply light ray as source instead of electricity in case of OFC (optical fiber cable) communication but not all ray will propagate so that only those rays that have an angle greater than the critical angle can be transmitted and that reference angle is called ACCEPTANCE ANGLE.
How do you launch optical power into a particular fiber from some type of luminescent source?
first of all we should know the coupling efficiency. suppose that the Pf is the power coupled into a fiber and Ps is the power from the led source , then the efficiency is give by Pf / Ps. it also depends on the radius of the recipient fiber core. The launching of optical power into a fiber also depends on the type of led we are considering.
What is the Principle of optical fiber?
Fiber optic cables containing silica called filamentous crystal crystalline silica is actually the main component of these filaments heap on the inner wall can be attached to the wire with the wire bent over bent when the optical signal from the wire the optical signal to one input of the specular reflection on the surface of the silica on the principle of reflective transmission until it reaches the other end of the optical signal conductor recognizer so far. Fiber is divided into the following two categories: 1) transfer points modulo class Transfer points modulo class of single-mode fiber and multimode fiber. Single-mode fiber core diameter is small, at a given operating wavelength only in single-mode transmission, the transmission frequency bandwidth, transmission capacity. Multimode fiber is given in the operating wavelength, can be transmitted simultaneously to a plurality of mode optical fiber. Compared with single-mode fiber, multimode fiber transmission performance is poor. 2) refractive index distribution type Refractive index distribution type optical transitions can be divided into optical fiber and tapered optical fiber. Hopping optical fiber core refractive index and the refractive index of the protective layer is a constant. And a protective layer in the core of the interface, the refractive index changes stepwise type. Graded refractive index of optical fiber core increases as the radius decreases according to certain rules, and the protective layer of the core is reduced to the junction of the refractive index of the protective layer. Similar to the refractive index of the core changes parabola.
