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The entity integrity constraint states that no primary key value can be null. This is because the primary key value is used to identify individual tuples in a relation. Having null value for the primary key implies that we cannot identify some tuples. This also specifies that there may not be any duplicate entries in primary key column key row.
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What are the Advantages and disadvantages of Entity Relationship Model?
Entity-relationship model advantages and disadvantages AdvantagesDisadvantagesConceptual simplicityVisual representationEffective communicationIntegration with the relational database modelLimited constraint representationLimited relationship representationNo representation of data manipulationLoss of information
Can weak entity be converted into strong entity in DBMS?
A weak entity set can always be make into strong entity set by adding to its attribute of its identifying entity set. For a weak entity set, we add columns to the table corresponding to the primary key of the strong entity set on which the weak set is dependent.
What is Entity instances?
Entity instance is a single occurrence of an entity type. Also known as an instance. Unlike entity type, many instances of entity type may be represented by data stored in the database.
Entity type vs entity instance?
Entity Type : A collection of entities that share common properties or characteristics. for example student is an entity type with common attributes such as student_ID , Name, Class etc. These characteristics are common to all students. Entity Instance: A single occurrence of a particular entity type is called entity instance..
What is weak entity sets in dbms?
An entity set may not have sufficient attributes to form a primary key is called weak entity set. One with primary key is called strong entity set.
What is mapping constraint?
A mapping constraint in database design refers to the rules that govern how data from one entity or table is related or connected to data in another entity or table. These constraints define the relationships between tables, such as primary key-foreign key relationships, to ensure data integrity and consistency in the database. Constraints can enforce rules like maintaining referential integrity or ensuring that certain fields have unique values.
What is integrity and its types?
Integrity Database integrity means the correctness and consistency of data. It is another form of database protection. Security means that the data must be protected from unauthorized operations. Integrity is related to the quality of data. Integrity is maintained with the help of integrity constraints. These constraints are the rules that are designed to keep data consistent and correct. They act like acheck on the incoming data. It is very important that a database maintains the quality of the data stored in it.DBMS provides several mechanisms to enforce integrity of the data. Types of Integrity Two types of data integrity are as follows: Entity Integrity The entity integrity is a constraint on primary key value. It states that any attribute of a primary keycannot contain null value. If primary key contains null value, it is not possible to uniquely identify a record in a relation. Entity integrity ensures that it should be easy to identify each entity in the database. Referential Integrity The referential integrity is a constraint on foreign key value. It states that if a foreign key exists in a relation, the foreign key value match the primary key value of some tuple in its parent relation. Otherwise the foreign key value must be completely null.
Diffentiate between an entity and an entity set?
What do you mean by referral integrity constraints ?
Explain what cardinality constraints are and how they impact on database design?
A Cardinality Constraint is when a certain relation can only have a certain number of instances for a relationship. For example, a Voter can only vote once in an election. Thus, there needs to be a cardinality constraint on the relationship VotedIn that relates a Voter to Election.
Explain the differences between entity integrity and referential integrity?
In databases, referential integrity refers to ensuring that every value of a relation's attribute exists as a value of another attribute in another relation. Entity integrity is a basic rule that ensures that every relation has a primary key and that this key is unique and not NULL.
How does SQL allow implementation of the entity integrity and referencial integrity constraints what about general integrity constraints?
sql allow their implementation using various sql commands
What is multiplicity constraint?
The no. of entities that can be associated with another entity. For eg. 1-1, 1-many, many-1 and many-many
What does a database expert mean when she says that a databse displays both entity and referential integrity?
Entity integrity, also known as a check constraint, is a database imposed restriction that the value of a field be limited. For instance, you could say that a number can only be in the range of 1 to 100, and the database would not allow you to insert or modify a row to have a value outside that range.Referential integrity, also known as a foreign key constraint, is a database imposed restriction that the value of a field be contained in the primary key or a unique key associated with another table. For instance, you could say that a programmer's name be contained in a table of employees, and the database would not allow you to insert or modify a row to have a programmer that is not also an employee. In this example, to clarify, the employee table would contain people that are programmers, as well as analysts, managers, officers, etc.
What does a database displays both entity integrity and referential integrity mean?
Entity integrity ensures that each record in a database table has a unique identifier, usually a primary key, while referential integrity ensures that relationships between tables are maintained through foreign key constraints, preventing orphaned records and ensuring data consistency. Displaying both entity and referential integrity means that the database is structured to enforce these rules, helping to maintain data accuracy and reliability.
What are the Advantages and disadvantages of Entity Relationship Model?
Entity-relationship model advantages and disadvantages AdvantagesDisadvantagesConceptual simplicityVisual representationEffective communicationIntegration with the relational database modelLimited constraint representationLimited relationship representationNo representation of data manipulationLoss of information
Why are entity integrity of referential integrity importance in a database?
Entity integrity ensures that each record in a table is uniquely identifiable by a primary key, preventing duplicate or null values. Referential integrity enforces relationships between tables by ensuring that all foreign key values correspond to an existing primary key value, maintaining data consistency and accuracy. Both are essential for maintaining data quality, preventing data anomalies, and ensuring the integrity of the database.
What is the differences between moral integrity and ennate integrity?
ENTITY INTEGRITY In a relational database, entity integrity is a property that ensures that no records are duplicated and that no attributes that make up the primary key are NULL. It is one of the properties necessary to ensure the consistency of the database. Entity Integrity ensures that there are no duplicate records within the table and that the field that identifies each record within the table is unique and never null. The existence of the Primary Key is the core of the entity integrity. If you define a primary key for each entity, they follow the entity integrity rule. Entity integrity specifies that the Primary Keys on every instance of an entity must be kept, must be unique and must have values other than NULL. Although most relational databases do not specifically dictate that a table needs to have a Primary Key, it is good practice to design a Primary Key for each table in the relational model. This mandates no NULL content, so that every row in a table must have a value that denotes the row as a unique element of the entity. Entity Integrity is the mechanism the system provides to maintain primary keys. The primary key serves as a unique identifier for rows in the table. Entity Integrity ensures two properties for primary keys: The primary key for a row is unique; it does not match the primary key of any other row in the table. The primary key is not null, no component of the primary key may be set to null. The uniqueness property ensures that the primary key of each row uniquely identifies it; there are no duplicates. The second property ensures that the primary key has meaning, has a value; no component of the key is missing. The system enforces Entity Integrity by not allowing operations (INSERT, UPDATE) to produce an invalid primary key. Any operation that creates a duplicate primary key or one containing nulls is rejected. REFERENTIAL INTEGRITY A database management safeguard that ensures every foreign key matches a primary key. For example, customer numbers in a customer file are the primary keys, and customer numbers in the order file are the foreign keys. If a customer record is deleted, the order records must also be deleted; otherwise they are left without a primary reference. If the DBMS does not test for this, it must be programmed into the applications. Referential integrity in a relational database is consistency between coupled tables. Referential integrity is usually enforced by the combination of a primary key(candidate key) and a foreign key. For referential integrity to hold, any field in a table that is declared a foreign key can contain only values from a parent table's primary key or a candidate key. For instance, deleting a record that contains a value referred to by a foreign key in another table would break referential integrity. The RDBMS enforces referential integrity, normally either by deleting the foreign key rows as well to maintain integrity, or by returning an error and not performing the delete. Which method is used would be defined by the definition of the referential integrity constraint. An employee database stores the department in which each employee works. The field "DepartmentNumber" in the Employee table is declared a foreign key, and it refers to the field "Index" in the Department table which is declared a primary key. Referential integrity would be broken by deleting a department from the Department table if employees listed in the Employee table are listed as working for that department, unless those employees are moved to a different department at the same time. Thanks Nida
