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The most common code originally used was a 7 bit code called ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) that was originally defined on October 6, 1960 for use with teletypes. However with only 128 values (33 of which were reserved for teletype control functions, most of which were irrelevant to computers) only standard US English characters could be represented.

Since 1996 there has been a gradual transition to the variable length code called Unicode (usually in UTF-8 format) that can represent most international characters.

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