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The two web addressing methods used on the internet are:

  • IP Addresses
  • Domain Name System(DNS), a facility which converts a web site name to its IP address.

A web site can be specified by its name (as in answers.com) or by its actual numeric IP address (as in 151.101.68.203).

Many very popular web sites have more than one site to allow better response time and reliability. Each site would have its own IP address. For example microsoft.com would resolve to sites with IP addresses 23.96.52.53, 191.239.213.197, 104.40.211.35, 104.43.195.251, 23.100.122.175

Some sites are even using the new IPv6 (version 6) IP address. gmail.com uses 2607:f8b0:4006:803::2005 in addition to 172.217.10.37

The prevalent method uses IPv4 (version 4) that is made of 4 numbers separated by dots. each number goes from 1 to 254 with 0 and 255 having special meanings. The rules for IPv6 are a little more involved.

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