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Entire chapters in the Cisco Networking Academy are dedicated to this topic. But basically, a router looks at the IP packet, and compares it to its routing table. The routing table says, for example, "Every packet for the destination network 10.0.5.0 /24 should be sent out of port Ethernet 2/1, next-hop address is 10.0.7.2". "/24" in this case means that the first 24 bits must match.

The routing table itself is maintained manually (static routes), or updated through a routing protocol from neighboring routers.

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Wiki User

14y ago
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Wiki User

13y ago

They take the message and send it to where you want it to go. The only real information they use is your IP address and the recipients IP address. If you are sending an e-mail then it also takes that so it can show the recipient who sent it.

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Brian Thomas

Lvl 7
4y ago

The router uses a switching function; it accepts the packet on one interface, then forwards that packet out on another interface. The switching function must encapsulate the packets using an appropriate data link frame type so that the outgoing data link is successful.

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11y ago

a router basically seperated networks,

so if a packet (in network A) has to reach a different network(network B) it has to reach the Router that connects to the B network.

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Wiki User

14y ago

A router has to determine if the packet is destined for the same network the router is on, or if it should forward it to another router on another network.

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Wiki User

12y ago

The Header

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Q: What information do routers use to forward a message?
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