to convert a frame into a series of signals to be transmitted on the local media
to enable data to be set
All people seem to need data processing, or Please do not through sausage pizza away Application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, and physical. or Physical, data link, network, transport, session, presentation, and Application.
MAC
how data are stored would be in a physical layer
Layer 2 or the 'Data' layer of the OSI model encapsulates either 'bits' from the physical layer (1)- moving up the TCP stack or 'Packets' from the Network layer (3)- going down the the stack. 7 - Application Layer DATA 6 - Presentation Layer DATA 5 - Session Layer DATA 4 - Transport Layer SEGMENT 3 - Network Layer PACKET 2 - Data Layer (Incorporating LLC and MAC) FRAME 1 - Physical Layer BIT A good nmemonic for remembering the data encapsulation in the OSI model is 'Don't Some Peolple Fry Bacon' - Data, Segments, Packets, Bits.
to convert a frame into a series of signals to be transmitted on the local media
physical
physical
to convert a frame into a series of signals to be transmitted on the local media
The physical layer is the lowest layer of the OSI Network Model. It is the part that physically transfers data from one location to another location. For instance, in your cell phone, it is the physical radio that encodes, transmits, and decodes your data packets. In a carrier pigeon network, it would be the carrier pigeons and their pigeon roosts.
The functions of the physical layer of the OSI model include data encoding, and transmission of the unstructured raw bit stream. It also includes description of the optical, mechanical, and electrical interfaces to the physical medium.
To effectively map communication to a model, several key layers should be considered: Physical Layer: This involves the transmission medium and hardware used for communication, such as cables, satellites, or wireless signals. Data Link Layer: This layer manages direct node-to-node data transfer, ensuring reliable communication over the physical layer. Network Layer: It handles routing and forwarding of data packets across the network, determining the best path for communication. Application Layer: This encompasses the protocols and interfaces that allow end-users to communicate effectively, such as email, messaging apps, or web services. Each layer plays a vital role in facilitating and enhancing the overall communication process.
The mechanical layer that sits on top of the physical layer in the OSI model is the data link layer. This layer is responsible for node-to-node data transfer and error detection and correction, ensuring reliable communication between devices on the same network. It encapsulates the raw bitstream from the physical layer into frames, adding necessary addressing and control information.
Physical layer
In computing, the Open Systems Interconnection model partitions a communication system into seven layers. They are the physical layer, the data link layer, the network layer, the transport layer, the session layer, the presentation layer, and the application layer.
RS-232 is a standard for serial communication that defines the electrical and physical characteristics of the interface between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data communication equipment (DCE) at the OSI physical layer. It specifies parameters such as voltage levels, signal timing, and pin configurations, enabling reliable transmission of binary data over short distances. While it primarily facilitates point-to-point connections, RS-232 is essential for enabling communication across devices like computers, modems, and printers in legacy systems. Its role in the physical layer ensures that data is correctly formatted for transmission and reception.
Physical, Data link and Network layers make the Network Support layers.