try ro ask your professor for further information :)
thank you for reading
To calculate the cache size for a system, you typically need to consider the cache line size, the number of cache sets, and the associativity of the cache. The formula for calculating cache size is: Cache Size (Cache Line Size) x (Number of Sets) x (Associativity). This formula helps determine the total amount of memory that can be stored in the cache for faster access by the system.
There are many factors that can affect cache performance, such as cache size, cache block size, association and replacement algorithm
A cache hit occurs when the requested data is found in the cache memory, while a cache miss occurs when the data is not found in the cache and needs to be retrieved from the main memory. One can determine whether a cache hit or miss has occurred by checking if the requested data is present in the cache memory.
delay to access the data in cache in context of processor's speed. Time to access the requested data in cache , at that time processor have to wait .. is called cache latency.
A cache hit occurs when the requested data is found in the cache memory, resulting in faster access time. For example, if a web page is visited frequently, it may be stored in the cache, leading to a cache hit when accessed again. On the other hand, a cache miss happens when the data is not found in the cache, requiring the system to retrieve it from the main memory or disk, which takes longer.
Three types of mapping procedures are there? (1) Associative Mapping-The fastest and most flexible cache organizations uses associative mapping. The associative memory stores both the address and content of memory word. This permits any location in catche to store word in main memory. (2) Direct Mapping-Associative memories are expesive compared to RAM's because of added logic associated with each cell. (3) Set Associative Mapping-It is a more general method that includes pure associative and direct mapping as special case. It is an improvement over the direct mapping organization in that each word of cache can store two or more words of memory under the same index address. Each data word is stored together with its tag and the number of tag data items in one word of cache is said to form a set. With Regards Veer Thakur Chandigarh
it ia html
Advantage: Direct mapping is simple and requires less hardware, making it cost-effective. It also provides fast access to data due to its fixed mapping of blocks to cache lines. Disadvantage: Direct mapping can lead to cache conflicts, where multiple memory blocks map to the same cache line, causing performance degradation. It also has poor cache utilization compared to other mapping techniques.
direct mapping doesn't need replacement algorithm
The differences among direct mapping and set-associative mapping :Direct mapping : Each line in main memory maps onto a single cache line.Set-associative : Each line in main memory maps onto a small (collection) set of cache line.Direct mapping : A memory block is mapped into a unique cache line, depending on the memory address of the respective block.Set-associative : A memory block is mapped into any of the line of a set. The set is determined by the memory address, but the line inside the set can be any one.dont knowyet
Direct mappingA given Main Memory block can be mapped to one and only one Cache Memory line.It is Simple, Inexpensive, fastIt lacks mapping flexibilityAssociative mappingA block in the Main Memory can be mapped to any line in the Cache Memory available (not already occupied)It is slow, expensiveIt has mapping flexibility
The differences among direct mapping and set-associative mapping :Direct mapping : Each line in main memory maps onto a single cache line.Set-associative : Each line in main memory maps onto a small (collection) set of cache line.Direct mapping : A memory block is mapped into a unique cache line, depending on the memory address of the respective block.Set-associative : A memory block is mapped into any of the line of a set. The set is determined by the memory address, but the line inside the set can be any one.dont knowyet
consider a RAM of 64 words with a size of 16 bits.Assume that this memory have a cache memory of 8 Blocks with block size of 32 bits.Draw a diagram to show the address mapping of RAM and Cache, if 4-way set associative memory scheme is used.
Advantages:1) Faster memory access2) Higher CPU UtilizationDisadvantages:1) Cost Factor2) Cache coherency
Associative mapping, or fully associative mapping, allows any block of data to be stored in any cache line, enabling greater flexibility and efficient use of cache space. This approach reduces the likelihood of cache misses since data can be placed wherever there is available space, making it ideal for applications with varying access patterns. Additionally, it simplifies the cache replacement policy, as any block can replace any other, potentially leading to improved performance in certain workloads. However, this flexibility comes at the cost of increased complexity in cache management and slower lookup times due to the need for searching across multiple cache lines.
Its simply done. By connecting many lines :p
An ARP cache holds dynamic network and mapping information. Delaying the clearing of this cache is that dynamic information or processes can be left in limbo and become non-removable after a period of time.