0
What else can I help you with?
How much does a PCB cost?
First, I am assuming that by PCB you mean Printed Circuit Board. Next, this depends upon many, many factors, none of which are "givens" here. There is quantity. You can order anything from a prototype run of say 6 to a major production run of say 6 million. The more you order, the more highly tooled production will be, the lower the unit cost. The second factor is size of the PCB. If all else is the same, cost will be roughly proportional to size (meaning to area), so all else equal, a 12 inch by 12 inch PCB will be 4 times as costly as a 6 inch by 6 inch. Next is material. Very inexpensive materials such as Phenolic cotton paper, can be used in simple toys (although safety will be an issue). Top-of-the-line electronics is more likely to use materials like Teflon, glass, epoxy, and polyester. Structure is a major factor. The simplest, and cheapest PCB is an insulator like Phenolic-cotton-paper with a copper layer on one side. At the other end, we have many layer PCB's (for-instance 24 layer) with thru-holes interconnecting the layers. There can be contact fingers which are part of a PCB. One set for a plug-in PCB, many sets for a system board which goes to many other devices. Finally, there are finishing elements such as solder masks and silk screens. All that said, a small very simple high volume PCB might be as low as $0.10 USD. An elegant, low volume multilayer PCB with full bells and whistles might cost $1000.00 USD.
Advantages and disadvantages of using a veroboard?
No drilling holes Quick to assemble Quick to change components arround you need all the components to make circuit more expensive than PCB and Breadboard
Why is calling pcb?
Printed circuit boards (PCBs) are the boards that are used as the base in most electronics – both as a physical support piece and as the wiring area for the surface-mounted and socketed components. PCBs are most commonly made out of fiberglass, composite epoxy, or another composite material.Most PCBs for simple electronics are simple and composed of only a single layer. More sophisticated hardware such as computer graphics cards or motherboards can have multiple layers, sometimes up to twelve.There are several overall types of PCB boards each with their own particular manufacturing specifications, material types, and usages: Single-layer PCBs, Double-layer PCBs, Multi-layer PCBs, Rigid PCBs, Flexible PCBs, Rigid-Flex PCBs, High-frequency PCBs, Aluminum-backed PCBs.
List reasons why a Mode switch between threads may be cheaper than a Mode switch between processes?
Answer# 11. reason - the control blocks for processes are larger than for threads (hold more state information), so the amount of information to move during the thread switching is less than for process context switching 2. reason - the major reason is that the memory management is much simpler for threads than for processes. Threads share their memory so during mode switching, memory information does not have to be exchanged/changed, pages and page tables do not have to be switched, etc. This makes the thread context switch much cheaper than for processes. In case of processes the memory pieces (pages) need to be exchanged, etc. (Will talk about the details in few weeks). 3. reason - threads do not have to worry about accounting, etc, so do not have to fill out all the information about accounting and other process specific information in their thread control block, so keeping the thread control block consistent is much faster 4. reason - threads share files, so when mode switch happens in threads, these information stay the same and threads do not have to worry about it (similar to accounting information) and that makes the mode switch much faster.answer 2## Process :Generally heavy weight by, the PCB holds kernel objects the values generally referred as state information. A application can be divided into two types in design phase: 1.Process - may affect application/program architecture 2.Threads - didn't affect architecture Threads typically are spawned for a short-term benefit where as process for long-term even the thread share its own process address space is never larger than 4GB. A single process may hold "n" threads so exchanging value between process; then the CPU spend most of its time for swapping it leads to thrasing definitely. Threads easily exchange their locale variables within its scope but exchange value between process stolen more CPU cycles.
Advantages and disadvantages of using a stripboard?
Advantages of Stripboard:� Low Cost - no expensive PCBs to send for.� No Mess - no chemical hazard, no slop, no photography or plotting.� Fast - take a piece of stripboard off the shelf and start building (although good planning is always helpful).� Adaptable - modify the layout to suit the components locally available.� Versatile - add more functions or circuits on the same piece of board.� Compact - unlike Wire Wrap stripboard can be built into small enclosures.� Widespread - universally available in all parts of the World.Disadvantages of Stripboard:Labor Intensive - if building more than one or two units.Non-optimal - less component density than a well laid out PCB (although I have been able to get some quite compact layouts)
What does a bubble etch tank do?
It burns away copper usually for PCB's
Explain Process PCB and Proces state diagram?
explain process, pcb and process state diagram.
What does PCB does?
A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. Components - capacitors, resistors or active devices - are generally soldered on the PCB.
What is the content PCB in operating system?
A Process Control Block (PCB, also called Task Controlling Block or Task Struct) is a data structure in the operating system kernel containing the information needed to manage a particular process. The PCB is "the manifestation of a process in an operating system".[1]Included informationImplementations differ, but in general a PCB will include, directly or indirectly:The identifier of the process (a process identifier, or PID)Register values for the process including, notably, the program counter and stack pointer values for the process.The address space for the processPriority (in which higher priority process gets first preference. eg., nice value on Unix operating systems)Process accounting information, such as when the process was last run, how much CPU time it has accumulated, etc.Pointer to the next PCB i.e. pointer to the PCB of the next process to runI/O Information (i.e. I/O devices allocated to this process, list of opened files, etc)During context switch, the running process is stopped and another process is given a chance to run. The kernel must stop the execution of the running process, copy out the values in hardware registers to its PCB, and update the hardware registers with the values from the PCB of the new process.
What is scalar pcb?
A scalar PCB refers to a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) that is designed to work with scalar sensors. Scalar sensors measure a single quantity, such as temperature or pressure, without regard to its direction. The scalar PCB would be optimized to interface with and process data from such sensors.
What does PCB Manufacturers make?
PCB Manufacturers make printed circuit boards for computers and electronic devices. They allow for automation in the manufacturing process of computers.
What is the function of process control block?
A process in an operating system is represented by a data structure known as a process control block (PCB) or process descriptor. The PCB contains important information about the specific process includingThe current state of the process i.e., whether it is ready, running, waiting, or whatever.Unique identification of the process in order to track "which is which" information.A pointer to parent process.Similarly, a pointer to child process (if it exists).The priority of process (a part of CPU scheduling information).Pointers to locate memory of processes.A register save area.The processor it is running on.The PCB is a certain store that allows the operating systems to locate key information about a process. Thus, the PCB is the data structure that defines a process to the operating systems.
What is a PCB Assembly Service?
Printed circuit board assembly is the process of connecting the electronic components with the wiring of printed circuit boards. The traces or conductive pathways engraved in the laminated copper sheets of PCBs are used within a non-conductive substrate in order to form the assembly. Source: pnconline(dot)com
What is process control block in operating system?
All of the information needed to keep track of a process when switching is kept in a data package called process control block.s A PCB is a data structure in the operating system kernel containing the information needed to manage a particular process. The PCB is the manifestation of a process in an operating system,
What is a process and what is a PCB?
Process in chemistry: numbers of activities necessary to obtain a chemical change.PCB in chemistry: this is an acronym - polychlorinated biphenyl.
What tools are used to perform PCB etching at home?
The tools that are used to perform the process of PCB etching when done at home are things such as Muratic Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide, a laser printer, PCB drill bits, quality magazine pages, a one ounce copper clad, and lacquer thinner.
How many bytes are needed to structure process control block?
there 45 bytes are needed to structure pcb
