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Evaporation is the primary principle.

The three primary components of most residential air conditioners are:

# Compressor # Condenser # Evaporator As the refrigerant is compressed in the compressor, lowering the temperatures required to change from liquid to gas and gas to liquid. This is an exothermic, or heat generating, process.

The compressed refrigerant, still under pressure, passes through the condenser. For residential systems, this is the "fan in a box" part of the air conditioning system outside. The condenser is actually blowing heat away from the refrigerant. Because the refrigerant is pressurized, the temperature is low enough for the refrigerant to turn liquid.

The evaporator is where the cooling actually happens. When the pressure is reduced, the refrigerant evaporates; it turns from liquid to gas. Evaporation is an endothermic, or heat absorbing, process. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the air around it. This leaves the air around the evaporator much cooler and ready to be blown into the house.

(Most refrigerators operate using the same process.)

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Q: What is the principle of air conditioning?
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