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IP, Subnet, and gateway
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What is scope and super scope?
A DHCP scope is a valid range of IP addresses which are available for assignments or lease to client computers on a particular subnet. In a DHCP server, you configure a scope to determine the address pool of IPs which the server can provide to DHCP clients. Scopes determine which IP addresses are provided to the clients. Scopes should be defined and activated before DHCP clients use the DHCP server for its dynamic IP configuration. You can configure as many scopes on a DHCP server as is required in your network environment Using superscopes A superscope is an administrative feature of DHCP servers running Windows Server 2003 that you can create and manage through the DHCP console. Using a superscope, you can group multiple scopes as a single administrative entity. With this feature, a DHCP server can:Support DHCP clients on a single physical network segment (such as a single Ethernet LAN segment) where multiple logical IP networks are used. When more than one logical IP network is used on each physical subnet or network, such configurations are often called multinets.Support remote DHCP clients located on the far side of DHCP and BOOTP relay agents (where the network on the far side of the relay agent uses multinets).In multinet configurations, you can use DHCP superscopes to group and activate individual scope ranges of IP addresses used on your network. In this way, the DHCP server computer can activate and provide leases from more than one scope to clients on a single physical network. Superscopes can resolve certain types of DHCP deployment issues for multinets, including situations in which: The available address pool for a currently active scope is nearly depleted, and more computers need to be added to the network. The original scope includes the full addressable range for a single IP network of a specified address class. You need to use another IP network range of addresses to extend the address space for the same physical network segment.Clients must be migrated over time to a new scope (such as to renumber the current IP network from an address range used in an existing active scope to a new scope that contains another IP network range of addresses).You want to use two DHCP servers on the same physical network segment to manage separate logical IP networks.Superscope configurations for multinets The following section shows how a simple DHCP network consisting originally of one physical network segment and one DHCP server, can be extended to use superscopes for support of multinet configurations. Example 1: Non-routed DHCP server (before superscope) In this preliminary instance, a small local area network (LAN) with one DHCP server supports a single physical subnet, Subnet A. The DHCP server in this configuration is limited to leasing addresses to clients on this same physical subnet. The following illustration shows this example network in its original state. At this point, no superscopes have been added and a single scope, Scope 1, is used to service all DHCP clients on Subnet A. Example 2: Superscope for non-routed DHCP server supporting local multinets To include multinets implemented for client computers on Subnet A, the same network segment where the DHCP server is located, you can configure a superscope which includes as members: the original scope (Scope 1) and additional scopes for the logical multinets for which you need to add support (Scope 2, Scope 3). This illustration shows the scope and superscope configuration to support the multinets on the same physical network (Subnet A) as the DHCP server. Example 3: Superscope for routed DHCP server with relay agent supporting remote multinets To include multinets implemented for client computers on Subnet B, the remote network segment located across a router from the DHCP server on Subnet A, you can configure a superscope which includes as members: the additional scopes for the logical multinets for which you need to add remote support (Scope 2, Scope 3). Note that since the multinets are for the remote network (Subnet B), the original scope (Scope 1) does not need to be part of the added superscope. This illustration shows the scope and superscope configuration to support the multinets on the remote physical network (Subnet B) away from the DHCP server.
How would you describe the DHCP leasing process?
FROM MSDNDHCP Lease ProcessA DHCP-enabled client obtains a lease for an IP address from a DHCP server. Before the lease expires, the DHCP server must renew the lease for the client or the client must obtain a new lease. Leases are retained in the DHCP server database approximately one day after expiration. This grace period protects a client's lease in case the client and server are in different time zones, their internal clocks are not synchronized, or the client is off the network when the lease expires.The DHCP lease process is a process that occurs when a computer which is a DHCP client initially boots up on the network, to provide an IP address and any additional TCP/IP configuration parameters to these clients.The terminology and concepts used when discussing DHCP leasing or the DHCP lease process is summarized below:DHCP lease: This is the amount of time for which a DHCP client is allowed to make use of a specific IP addresses. The default setting for the DHCP lease is 8 days.DHCP lease process: The process which occurs when the client initially boots up on the network. The DHCP lease process enables DHCP clients to automatically obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server.DHCP Discovery Broadcast message: This is a message sent over the network by a client computer that wants to obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.DHCP Offer message: This is message sent by DHCP servers that serves as a reply to a Discovery Broadcast message.DHCP Request Broadcast message: This message indicates that the client accepted an IP address offer from the first DHCP server which responded to it. The client broadcasts this particular message so that all the other DHCP servers that offered addresses to the client can withdraw their IP addresses.DHCP Acknowledge message: This message is sent by the DHCP server to the DHCP client, and is the process whereby which the IP address lease is assigned to the client.Unlimited lease duration: If you do not want the IP address assigned for a particular client to expire, you assign an unlimited lease duration.DHCP scopes: A scope can be defined as a set of IP addresses which the DHCP server can allocate or assign to DHCP clients. A scope contains specific configuration information for clients that have IP addresses which are within a particular scope. Scope information for each DHCP server is specific to that particular DHCP server only, and is not shared between DHCP servers. During the DHCP lease process, the DHCP scopes configured for a DHCP server is used to provide a DHCP client with an IP address.You can configure different lease duration settings for each DHCP scope.The lease duration rules which should be implemented when you determine the lease duration time for the scope of each of your subnets are:Use a shorter lease duration time if you have numerous mobile users, and if you are working in an environment that constantly has configuration changes.Use a longer lease duration time if the following statements are true:There are no mobile computersThe environment does not continually experience configuration changesIncrease the default setting of 8 days if the number of IP addresses for each subnet is by far greater than the number of DHCP devices within your environment.Use a shorter lease duration period if you have a limited number of IP addresses for each subnet, and you are near to meeting limit.Understanding the DHCP Lease ProcessThe DHCP lease process is a four-step process that occurs when a DHCP client initially boots up on the network. The DHCP process remains unchanged since its initial introduction with Windows NT 4.0. During the DHCP lease process, negotiation for an IP address occurs between a DHCP server and a client that needs to obtain an IP address. In a TCP/IP based network, to uniquely identify computers on the network, each computer must have a unique IP address. To communicate on the Internet and private TCP/IP network, all hosts defined on the network must have IP addresses. The 32-bit IP address identifies a particular host on the network. With DHCP, the system assigns IP addresses to clients, which in turn leads to less incorrect configurations of IP addresses. This is mainly due to IP configuration information being entered at one location, and the server distributing this information to clients. Duplicated IP addresses are also prevented.The DHCP lease process that occurs between the DHCP server and client is a simple process. The negotiation process for an IP address consists of four messages sent between the DHCP server and the DHCP client.Two messages from the clientTwo messages from the DHCP serverWhen the server assigns IP addresses to DHCP clients, it starts allocating addresses commencing from the bottom of its scope range, and starts moving to the top of its scope range.All unused addresses have to be used before the DHCP server:Allocates a previously used IP addresses to a new DHCP client. The DHCP server first assigns IP addresses that have not been used for the longest amount of time prior to assigning other previously used IP addresses.Allocates an expired IP addresses to a new DHCP clientDuring the four-step DHCP lease process, the events that occur are defined by the types of DHCP messages which are exchanged between the DHCP server and DHCP client:DHCPDISCOVER message: This message is used to request an IP address lease from a DHCP server. The message is sent when the client boots up on the network. The message is sent as a broadcast packet over the network, requesting for a DHCP server to respond to itDHCPOFFER message: This message is a response to a DHCPDISCOVER message, and is sent by one or numerous DHCP servers.DHCPREQUEST message: The client sends the initial DHCP server which responded to its request a DHCP Request message. The message basically indicates that the client is requesting the particular IP address for lease. The other DHCP servers who offered addresses withdraw those addresses at this point.DHCPACK message: The DHCP Acknowledge message is sent by the DHCP server to the DHCP client and is the process whereby which the DHCP server assigns the IP address lease to the DHCP client.The four steps involved in the DHCP lease process is often called DORA:DiscoverOfferRequestAcknowledge
What is the functions of server?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol(DHCP) Server is used to distribute IP in the network automatically from the range specified in the DHCP Server while creating scope. -- By MyNarutoAnime ----
What ports are used by dhcp and the DHCP client?
The port 67 and port 68 are used by DHCP and the DHCP clients.
What is the use of a DHCP relay agent?
The use of a DHCP relay agent is an agent that relays DHCP between DHCP clients and DHCP servers on different IP networks. The DHCP relay agent is compliant with RFC 1542.
How create dhcp scope?
After installing the DHCP role, you configure a scope by giving it an IP address range, possible exclusions, and any scope options to be given out to clients. Then, you activate the scope, and you are done.
How can I disable dhcp on Windows 2000 server?
Either disable the dhcp scope, or remove the service.
Using the control panel to install dhcp configure and activate dhcp with a scope of?
DHCP has to be configured by using the DHCP snap-in MMC console. This is under the Administrative Tools once DHCP has been installed. In Windows Server 2008 you add the Role, so it isn't installed via the Control Panel at all. For configuring the scope, you need to specify the address ranges to give out, any exclusions, and scope options for default gateway, etc.
19 What is a requirement of a DHCP reservation?
They have to be created within a scope and not be excluded from the scope... MAC address also needed.
Why do you have to activate a DHCP scope?
A DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) scope defines the valid pool of IP addresses that can be assigned to the network. You need to activate a DHCP scope so that the IP addresses that are issued (or leased) to the client devices will be compatible with the network configuration. If a client is issued an invalid IP address it will not be able to communicate on the network.
What tool is used to configure a DHCP scope?
For a Windows based system you use the DHCP MMC snapin console. This is installed when the DHCP server service is installed. For Linux and Unix based systems you can edit the DHCP configuration file in /etc
Why are you charged using DHCP server in LAN?
Usually nothing, today all routers have a DHCP server included.
What is scope and super scope?
A DHCP scope is a valid range of IP addresses which are available for assignments or lease to client computers on a particular subnet. In a DHCP server, you configure a scope to determine the address pool of IPs which the server can provide to DHCP clients. Scopes determine which IP addresses are provided to the clients. Scopes should be defined and activated before DHCP clients use the DHCP server for its dynamic IP configuration. You can configure as many scopes on a DHCP server as is required in your network environment Using superscopes A superscope is an administrative feature of DHCP servers running Windows Server 2003 that you can create and manage through the DHCP console. Using a superscope, you can group multiple scopes as a single administrative entity. With this feature, a DHCP server can:Support DHCP clients on a single physical network segment (such as a single Ethernet LAN segment) where multiple logical IP networks are used. When more than one logical IP network is used on each physical subnet or network, such configurations are often called multinets.Support remote DHCP clients located on the far side of DHCP and BOOTP relay agents (where the network on the far side of the relay agent uses multinets).In multinet configurations, you can use DHCP superscopes to group and activate individual scope ranges of IP addresses used on your network. In this way, the DHCP server computer can activate and provide leases from more than one scope to clients on a single physical network. Superscopes can resolve certain types of DHCP deployment issues for multinets, including situations in which: The available address pool for a currently active scope is nearly depleted, and more computers need to be added to the network. The original scope includes the full addressable range for a single IP network of a specified address class. You need to use another IP network range of addresses to extend the address space for the same physical network segment.Clients must be migrated over time to a new scope (such as to renumber the current IP network from an address range used in an existing active scope to a new scope that contains another IP network range of addresses).You want to use two DHCP servers on the same physical network segment to manage separate logical IP networks.Superscope configurations for multinets The following section shows how a simple DHCP network consisting originally of one physical network segment and one DHCP server, can be extended to use superscopes for support of multinet configurations. Example 1: Non-routed DHCP server (before superscope) In this preliminary instance, a small local area network (LAN) with one DHCP server supports a single physical subnet, Subnet A. The DHCP server in this configuration is limited to leasing addresses to clients on this same physical subnet. The following illustration shows this example network in its original state. At this point, no superscopes have been added and a single scope, Scope 1, is used to service all DHCP clients on Subnet A. Example 2: Superscope for non-routed DHCP server supporting local multinets To include multinets implemented for client computers on Subnet A, the same network segment where the DHCP server is located, you can configure a superscope which includes as members: the original scope (Scope 1) and additional scopes for the logical multinets for which you need to add support (Scope 2, Scope 3). This illustration shows the scope and superscope configuration to support the multinets on the same physical network (Subnet A) as the DHCP server. Example 3: Superscope for routed DHCP server with relay agent supporting remote multinets To include multinets implemented for client computers on Subnet B, the remote network segment located across a router from the DHCP server on Subnet A, you can configure a superscope which includes as members: the additional scopes for the logical multinets for which you need to add remote support (Scope 2, Scope 3). Note that since the multinets are for the remote network (Subnet B), the original scope (Scope 1) does not need to be part of the added superscope. This illustration shows the scope and superscope configuration to support the multinets on the remote physical network (Subnet B) away from the DHCP server.
What do you initially need to configure on a DHCP server in order to give out IP addresses to clients?
a scope
Describe the process of installing a DHCP server in an?
WIndows and non-Windows systems install DHCP in different ways, but the basic idea is the same group of steps:Add the DHCP service role to the systemActivate the serviceAdd the scope of IP addresses and exclusions to the DHCP serviceActivate the scopeOff you go - addresses!
What is the functions of a server?
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol(DHCP) Server is used to distribute IP in the network automatically from the range specified in the DHCP Server while creating scope. -- By MyNarutoAnime ----
What is the first action that must be done when configuring the DHCP services in Windows Server?
Add a new scope
