to avoid cavitation
Flow based routing considers the flow in the network; mean consider the amount of traffic in the network before deciding on which outgoing line to place the packet. The key here is to be able to characterize the nature of the traffic flows over time. The basic idea behind the algorithm, is that any given line, if the capacity and average flow are known, it is possible to compute the mean packet delay on that line from queuing theory. The routing problem thus reduces to finding the routing algorithm that produces the minimum average delay for the subnet.
A "diode" will allow current to pass thru it in only one direction, provided you don't overload it.
radial flow is flow along the radius
hii frnds it provides framing error control, flow control and link management, error detection and correction
THE SYMBOL FOR Flow Meter is : FI as Flow Indicator
Low flow can cause overheating, hydraulic instabilities (suction and discharge recirculation) and mechanical unreliability in centrifugal pumps. To prevent such problems, options include both continuous and automatic (active) low-flow protection systems. Figure 1 shows four major types of configurations that provide recirculation back to an upstream feed vessel. Alternatives include recirculation to the pump suction piping.
Auto recirculation valve is used to ensure a minimum flow is maintained through the pump all the time. Recirculation valves are mostly combined with Non Return Valves in the main flow pipe , when flow is established through the discharge line which means that the NRV is open , recirculation valve is closed through a mechanical linkage between the NRV and recirculation valve . Usually the recirculation valves develops passing through it after a period of time due to wear out in the contact points between the NRV and recirculation linkages.
The ARC valve provides protection for centrifugal pumps during low flow conditions. It recirculates a minimum flow requirement automatically to the deaerator to prevent the pump from overheating and causing internal damage. Pump manufacturers will dictate a pump's minimum flow requirement. The ARC valve will be designed to flow normal capacities through the main valve and also size the bypass to handle the minimum flow. Additionally, the flow sensing element, a disc, also acts as a check valve to prevent reverse flow to the pump.
P0400....Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow P0401....Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Insufficient Detected I can't find any that has a .1
exhaust gas recirculation flow insuficient
Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Insufficient......
Since sufficient feedwater is not supplied into the economizer though the heat is absorbed from flue gas at the boiler start-up and low load operation, steaming may occur in the economizer. Therefore the economizer recirculation line is provided between the furnace downcomer and the economizer inlet feedwater piping. This line provides the recirculation flow between the drum, the downcomer and the economizer so as to prevent steaming in the economizer. Economizer recirculation valve is only opened at initial stage of the boiler start-up.
Trouble code P0401 means:Exhaust gas recirculation flow insufficient detected
exhaust gas recirculation flow insuffcent detected
Trouble code P0402 means:Exhaust gas recirculation flow excessive detected
exhaust gas recirculation flow insufficient detected
Exhaust gas recirculation insufficient flow detected