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One is a backup copy of the file allocation table, can be used in disc decovery and repair

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What are the six main steps in a computer boot up process?

The BIOS, having completed its functions, loads the boot code in the master boot record and transfers control to it. The master boot record code begins execution. If the boot device is a floppy disk, the process continues with step 6.The master boot code examines the master partition table. It is searching for two things. First, it must determine if there is an extended DOS partition. Second, it must determine if there is a bootable partition specified in the partition table.If the master boot code finds an extended partition on the disk, it loads the extended partition table that describes the first logical volume in the extended partition. This extended partition table is examined to see if it points to another extended partition table. If it does, then that table contains information about the second logical volume in the extended partition, so it is loaded and examined. (Recall that logical volumes in the extended partition have their extended partition table chained one to the next.) This process is continued until all of the extended partitions have been loaded and recognized by the system.After loading the extended partition information (if any), the code attempts to boot the primary partition that is marked active (bootable). If there are no partitions marked active, then the boot process will terminate with an error. The error message is often the same one that occurs if the BIOS finds no boot device, and is generally something like "No boot device", but can be the infamous "NO ROM BASIC - SYSTEM HALTED".If there is a primary partition marked active, the code will boot it. The rest of the steps assume this is a DOS primary partition.The volume boot sector is loaded into memory and tested, and the boot code that it contains is given control of the remainder of the boot process.The volume boot code examines the structures on the disk that it is booting to ensure that everything is correct and in the right place. If not, the boot process will end in an error here as well.The code searches the root directory of the device being booted for the operating system files that contain the operating system. For a system running MS-DOS these are the files "IO.SYS", "MSDOS.SYS" and "COMMAND.COM".If the operating system files are not found, the boot program will display an error message, which is usually something like "Non-system disk or disk error - Replace and press any key when ready". Some people think that this message means the system was never booted, that the BIOS examined the floppy disk for example and just rejected it because it couldn't boot it. As you can see from this description of the boot process, the volume boot code was indeed loaded and executed, and in fact it is what prints the message when it can't find the operating system files! See here for an explanation of why this distinction is so important.If the operating system files are found, the boot program will load them into memory and transfer control to them. First, IO.SYS is loaded and its code executed. IO.SYS will then executed MSDOS.SYS (in pure DOS systems, MSDOS.SYS is just a text file in Windows 95 and later.) Then the more complete operating system code loads and initializes the rest of the operating system structures. For MS-DOS, this means loading the command interpreter (COMMAND.COM) and then reading and interpreting the contents of the CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT system control files.


How do you manage UEFI Windows 7?

UEFI is the recommended standard initiated by Intel for new type PC firmware architecture. This standard possessing significant advantages to the familiar PC BIOS, such as, more powerful error-correcting performance, better compatibility, more friendly UI and stronger expandability, is generally accepted and recognized as PC BIOS successor. Though almost perfect, nevertheless, worries still exist when users are hesitating whether they should employ this standard to boot OS, for instance, how to manage hard drive partitions under this standard. What I want to state here is that users should never have such kind of concerns. Let's take Windows 7 for example. After boot Windows 7 with UEFI, partition management can be realized by using a professional partition magic software supporting UEFI.Partition management under UEFI-booted WindowsSpeaking of partition magic software supporting UEFI and helping manage partitions under UEFI-booted Windows 7, MiniTool Partition Wizard must be the undeniable option. This partition magic software fully supports UEFI and boasts of a selection of easy-to-use partition management functions aiding users easily managing Windows 7 partitions. These functions include Format Partition, Move/Resize Partition, Extend Partition, Merge Partition, Split Partition, Copy Partition and Change Cluster Size, etc.Partition Magic software is once such software you can use. Launch this program to enter the main interface. Select and right click any partition, and then you will see the function list as the below-exhibited image shows:User can employ corresponding partition management functions and easily complete all common UEFI-booted Windows 7 partition management according to your Windows 7 partition management needs.With incessant improvements, UEFI standard will inextricably be a tide and replace PC BIOS. MiniTool Partition Wizard, a UEFI-supported partition magic program, is the best helper for UEFI-booted Windows 7 partition management.


What is the different between a view and a create view?

View is a virtual table that do not have any data of its own but have data that is derived from another table called base table. Create view is the command used to create a view (virtual table).


How do you view all the tables created in the database?

View is a virtual table with no data , but can be operated like any other table. It is like a virtual table through which you can view data of another table, which is known as the base table. Syntax for creating a view- CREATE VIEW as SELECT statement ;


Why are tables the foundation any database system?

Because the database is the collection of data / information.And the table holds these information in separate form so we can say that the tables the foundation of any Database System.......

Related Questions

Is it possible to convert a FAT16 partition to NTFS in Windows 98?

No, and neither would it be desirable. Windows 98 cannot boot off an NTFS partition, and if your system was using a FAT16 partition, it is probably not large enough to benefit from NTFS anyway.


What is primary partition in Linux?

Same as it is for any other operating system: A primary partition is a "physical" partition that the Legacy BIOS's MBR partition table can recognize. Contrast this with a logical partition, which is a partition stored in an extended partition to work around Legacy BIOS' inability to handle 4 real, physical, primary partitions at a time. Today, on UEFI systems which use GPT, the "primary partition" vs "logical partition" concept is pretty pointless, as you can have as many true-to-life partitions you want on your hard disk due to the face UEFI does things a load better than Legacy BIOS.


Which diskpart command removes any partition or volume information from the selected disk?

select partition


What happens to all the information in a partition if you delete the partition?

If a partition is formatted, or deleted, then the information saved on that partition is also deleted. So, if there is any information on the partition you wish saved, backup that information or copy it to another partition or another location before deleting the partition.


A volume or partition can be attached to a mount point on any other volume or partition?

True


What is primary disc partition?

The primary disk partition is the main partition that your operating system is on your hard drive. If you only had 1 OS on your computer such as Windows, then you would have two partitions, 1 would be a backup/recovery that includes that boot manager, and the second partition (the primary) would be the one that includes all of your files and the OS itself.


What does the Microsoft Convert utility do?

Windows supports two disk file systems: the FAT file system and the NTFS file system. This article explains how to convert a FAT partition into an NTFS partition, and the considerations to take into account. For additional informationabout the differences between the FAT and NTFS file systems, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 100108 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/100108/) Overview of FAT, HPFS, and NTFS file systemsNOTE: Windows NT 4.0 no longer supports the HPFS file system.The Convert.exe utility is supplied with Windows to convert a FAT partition into an NTFS partition. Use of Convert.exe is straight forward, but there are considerations that should be taken into account before using the utility.The following limitations should be recognized before converting a FAT partition to NTFS: • The conversion is a one-way process. After a partition has been converted to NTFS, it is not possible to convert the partition back to a FAT partition. To restore the partition as a FAT partition, the partition would have to be reformatted as FAT (which would erase all data from the partition) and then data can be restored from backup. • The system partition of a RISC-based computer cannot be changed to NTFS. The ARC specification requires that the system partition be FAT. It is possible to create a small (1 MB) FAT partition for the system partition and install Windows on an NTFS partition (the boot partition). • Convert.exe requires a certain amount of free space be present on the drive in order to convert the file system. For additional information about the amount of free space required for a conversion, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 156560 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/156560/) Free space required to convert FAT to NTFSNOTE: Although the chance of corruption or data loss during the conversion from FAT to NTFS is minimal, it is best to perform a full backup of the data on the drive that it is to be converted prior to executing the convert command. It is also recommended to verify the integrity of the backup before proceeding, as well as to run RDISK and update the emergency repair disk (ERD).To convert a FAT partition to NTFS, perform the following steps.1. Click Start, click Programs, and then click Command Prompt. 2. At the command prompt, type CONVERT [driveletter]: /FS:NTFS. 3. Convert.exe will attempt to convert the partition to NTFS.CONVERT may present the following error: Convert cannot gain exclusive access to the [driveletter]:, so it cannot convert it now. Would you like to schedule it to be converted the next time the system restarts (Y/N)? This error will occur if any of the following three conditions exist: • If you run the CONVERT command while the current directory is on the drive that is to be converted (for example, you type CONVERT F: /FS:NTFS at the F:\> prompt). To solve this, either answer "Yes" to the prompt and restart the system, or change to a directory on another drive and retype the command. • If an application has a file open on the drive that is to be converted. To solve this, either answer "Yes" to the prompt and the drive will be converted the next time the computer is restarted, or close any applications that may be using files on the drive to be converted. Remember that this also applies to users accessing files on the drive over the network. This also includes a page file that resides on the drive. • If you attempt to convert the partition from which the operating system is running. It is not possible to convert the boot partition while the operating system is running. To convert the boot partition, it will always be necessary to issue the CONVERT command, answer Yes to the prompt, and then restart the computer. The partition will be converted the next time the computer is restarted. As an alternative, it is possible to boot the computer to an installation of Windows on a different partition and convert the partition from that installation of Windows. Note Default NTFS Permissions are not applied to a converted boot partition.For additional information, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 237399 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/237399/) The default NTFS permissions are not applied to a converted boot partition Windows supports two disk file systems: the FAT file system and the NTFS file system. This article explains how to convert a FAT partition into an NTFS partition, and the considerations to take into account. For additional informationabout the differences between the FAT and NTFS file systems, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of each, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 100108 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/100108/) Overview of FAT, HPFS, and NTFS file systemsNOTE: Windows NT 4.0 no longer supports the HPFS file system.The Convert.exe utility is supplied with Windows to convert a FAT partition into an NTFS partition. Use of Convert.exe is straight forward, but there are considerations that should be taken into account before using the utility.The following limitations should be recognized before converting a FAT partition to NTFS: • The conversion is a one-way process. After a partition has been converted to NTFS, it is not possible to convert the partition back to a FAT partition. To restore the partition as a FAT partition, the partition would have to be reformatted as FAT (which would erase all data from the partition) and then data can be restored from backup. • The system partition of a RISC-based computer cannot be changed to NTFS. The ARC specification requires that the system partition be FAT. It is possible to create a small (1 MB) FAT partition for the system partition and install Windows on an NTFS partition (the boot partition). • Convert.exe requires a certain amount of free space be present on the drive in order to convert the file system. For additional information about the amount of free space required for a conversion, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 156560 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/156560/) Free space required to convert FAT to NTFSNOTE: Although the chance of corruption or data loss during the conversion from FAT to NTFS is minimal, it is best to perform a full backup of the data on the drive that it is to be converted prior to executing the convert command. It is also recommended to verify the integrity of the backup before proceeding, as well as to run RDISK and update the emergency repair disk (ERD).To convert a FAT partition to NTFS, perform the following steps.1. Click Start, click Programs, and then click Command Prompt. 2. At the command prompt, type CONVERT [driveletter]: /FS:NTFS. 3. Convert.exe will attempt to convert the partition to NTFS.CONVERT may present the following error: Convert cannot gain exclusive access to the [driveletter]:, so it cannot convert it now. Would you like to schedule it to be converted the next time the system restarts (Y/N)? This error will occur if any of the following three conditions exist: • If you run the CONVERT command while the current directory is on the drive that is to be converted (for example, you type CONVERT F: /FS:NTFS at the F:\> prompt). To solve this, either answer "Yes" to the prompt and restart the system, or change to a directory on another drive and retype the command. • If an application has a file open on the drive that is to be converted. To solve this, either answer "Yes" to the prompt and the drive will be converted the next time the computer is restarted, or close any applications that may be using files on the drive to be converted. Remember that this also applies to users accessing files on the drive over the network. This also includes a page file that resides on the drive. • If you attempt to convert the partition from which the operating system is running. It is not possible to convert the boot partition while the operating system is running. To convert the boot partition, it will always be necessary to issue the CONVERT command, answer Yes to the prompt, and then restart the computer. The partition will be converted the next time the computer is restarted. As an alternative, it is possible to boot the computer to an installation of Windows on a different partition and convert the partition from that installation of Windows. Note Default NTFS Permissions are not applied to a converted boot partition.For additional information, click the following article number to view the article in the Microsoft Knowledge Base: 237399 (http://support.microsoft.com/kb/237399/) The default NTFS permissions are not applied to a converted boot partition


How do you get a new hard drive to work?

A new hard drive generally comes without a valid partition table nor file system. Assuming you have the new hard drive cabled and configured correctly (using the jumper diagrams on the label), you then have to prepare it for a file system.The first thing you'd need to do is partition the new hard drive. Since Windows XP, Windows comes with both FDisk and a disk manager. You can use those. Once you install the partition table, you may need to format the partition(s) you created. If you use FDisk, you will certainly need to format as a separate step. FDisk is really only suitable for new drives or drives you want to completely erase, since it cannot change partition sizes once they are created without losing data.Or if you prefer, you can use a third-party partition manager. The modern partition managers can automatically do some of the necessary steps for you. So all you have to do is tell it you want a certain size partition or to use the entire space and it will make sure you have a valid partition table, that you have a FAT32 or NTFS file system, and have the correct type of partitions.One thing to keep in mind is that if you ever want to boot off of the new drive, the partition table type has to be set to Active. If the active flag is missing, any operating system that is installed on that drive will not boot. So if you can access the drive but not boot from it, then you likely forgot to configure the drive as Active. That is easy to fix and even FDisk can do that without any loss of data. Nearly every partition tool available has this option.


How do partition external hard drive into three partitions?

There are loads of partition management programs on the 'net. Paragon is a good one - it lets you set the partition sizes - and shows you any unallocated space.


What are the differences between a system partition and a boot partition within the windows xp installation?

any way it is patition that allows it to perform it.


What are the benefits of partition?

If a drive has multiple partitions, you can boot from any of them.


What is the partition where the Windows 2000XP operating system is stored?

boot partitionThe boot partition is the disk partition that contains the Windows operating system files and its support files, but not any files responsible for booting.