no, sometimes no OS is used at all. Instead a hand written scheduling loop is used that calls each function directly. I worked on many such Avionics software systems in the 1980s & 1990s.
The choice to use a realtime operating system (RTOS) in an embedded system is very subjective. Some developers are more likely to use an RTOS than others would be. This might be because they are familiar with a particular system and very comfortable with implementing it. The advantages are that many components are already implemented and tested in an RTOS, such as time slicing, semaphores, and shared memory. Once a developer is familiar with the quirks of a particular operating system, it can save a lot of development time. The disadvantages can be higher runtime overhead, both in memory usage and execution speed (although this is not guaranteed). If a system is extremely complex, an RTOS is likely to be necessary. For simple systems, an RTOS probably makes the source code less readable and therefore less maintainable.
An RTOS is not required for an embedded system but it can offer powerful advantages to the system developer. Without an RTOS the developer must write his own code to handle all of these functions. Enables real-time, deterministic scheduling and task prioritization Abstracts away the complexities of the processor Provides a solid infrastructure constructed of rules and policies Simplifies development and improves developer productivity Integrates and manages resources needed by communications stacks and middleware Optimizes use of system resources Improves product reliability, maintainability and quality Promotes product evolution and scaling A well-architected RTOS will handle these functions much more efficiently that a programmer could write the code. RTOS developers are expert in how to handle operations with a minimum of processor cycles.
Embedded systems are used to manage a certain operation inside of a device. Embedded systems are often merely made to carry out this task repeatedly, but more advanced ones can take control of whole operating systems.
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An RTOS is not required for an embedded system but it can offer powerful advantages to the system developer. Without an RTOS the developer must write his own code to handle all of these functions.Enables real-time, deterministic scheduling and task prioritizationAbstracts away the complexities of the processorProvides a solid infrastructure constructed of rules and policiesSimplifies development and improves developer productivityIntegrates and manages resources needed by communications stacks and middlewareOptimizes use of system resourcesImproves product reliability, maintainability and qualityPromotes product evolution and scalingA well-architected RTOS will handle these functions much more efficiently that a programmer could write the code. RTOS developers are expert in how to handle operations with a minimum of processor cycles.
An RTOS is not required for an embedded system but it can offer powerful advantages to the system developer. Without an RTOS the developer must write his own code to handle all of these functions. * Enables real-time, deterministic scheduling and task prioritization * Abstracts away the complexities of the processor * Provides a solid infrastructure constructed of rules and policies * Simplifies development and improves developer productivity * Integrates and manages resources needed by communications stacks and middleware * Optimizes use of system resources * Improves product reliability, maintainability and quality * Promotes product evolution and scaling A well-architected RTOS will handle these functions much more efficiently that a programmer could write the code. RTOS developers are expert in how to handle operations with a minimum of processor cycles.
Mac OS X, Linux, and Microsoft Windows are three types of operating systems. Single-user, multi-tasking, multi-user, and real-time operating systems, or RTOS, are different types of operating systems that computers use.
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A real-time operating system (RTOS)[Generally pronounced as: Or-tos] is a multitasking operating system intended for real-time applications. Such applications include embedded systems (programmable thermostats, household appliance controllers, mobile telephones), industrial robots, spacecraft, industrial control (see SCADA), and scientific research equipment. An RTOS facilitates the creation of a real-time system, but does not guarantee the final result will be real-time; this requires correct development of the software. An RTOS does not necessarily have high throughput; rather, an RTOS provides facilities which, if used properly, guarantee deadlines can be met generally (soft real-time) or deterministically (hard real-time). An RTOS will typically use specialized scheduling algorithms in order to provide the real-time developer with the tools necessary to produce deterministic behavior in the final system. An RTOS is valued more for how quickly and/or predictably it can respond to a particular event than for the given amount of work it can perform over time. Key factors in an RTOS are therefore a minimal interrupt latency and a minimal thread switching latency. An early example of a large-scale real-time operating system was Transaction Processing Facility developed by American Airlines and IBM for the Sabre Airline Reservations System.
Server based operating systems have the function embedded. If you do not have one you can use on of free linux-based operating systems.
Yes, most machines with built-in computers that perform a sequence of tasks in a precise amount of time require a real-time operating system ( or RTOS ).
An embedded system has a self-contained operating system on a "chip" thus embedded into the system and does not rely on having a hard disk with the operating system on it. Not to mention that is will be much faster because the access time of the OS on a chip. More specifically... An embedded system has historically been defined as a single function product where the intelligence is embedded in the system. It could be anything from a dishwasher to a hearing aid, if that product includes a microprocessor and software. A PC is designed to be a general purpose computing environment. Many of today's embedded systems are looking more like PCs with user interfaces, touchscreens, displays, keypads and more. Still, these are not general function systems but are designed to perform very specific functions.