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host address
The first half of a MAC address is known as the Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI). This portion consists of the first 24 bits and identifies the manufacturer or organization that produced the network interface hardware. The remaining 24 bits of the MAC address are assigned by the manufacturer to uniquely identify the specific device. Together, the OUI and the device-specific portion create a unique identifier for each network interface.
The IP address 131.194.192.3 falls within Class B. Class B addresses range from 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255 and are typically used for medium to large networks. In this class, the first two octets (131.194) are used for the network portion, while the last two octets represent the host portion.
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The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) designated by the International Standards Organization (ISO) as the registering body for OUI, which is utilized in the first 3 octets of a MAC address to identify the manufacturer of a network enabled device.
A class C network supports the most networks - the first three octets or 24 bits gives the largest grouping of networks.
IP addresses identify devices on the internet and other TCP/IP networks. They comprise four numbers separated by periods. The first part of an IP address identifies the network, and the last identifies the host. MAC addresses are used only for communication within a local network.There are four octects in a IP address. IP address can be assigned, MAC address are embedded in the (NIC)IP address is a 32 bit address consisting of a series of four 8 bit numbers separated by periods. An IP address identifies a computer, printer, or other device on a TCP/IP network such as the internet or an intranet.Mac address is a unique 42 bit address permanently embedded in a NIC and identifying device on a LAN.Source: CompTIA A+ Guide to Hardware by Jean Andrews (page 468)An IP address is a 32-bit address comprising a series of four 8-bit numbers separated by periods. An IP address identifies a computer, printer or other device on a TCP/IP network such as the internet or intranet.
This is a class C address. The network portion is the first three octets, so it would be 209.240.80.0.
It is a class B address (The first three numbers (octet) are between 128 and 191), meaning it has a subnet of 255.255.0.0, thus, 129.219 is the network portion, with 51.18 representing the host portion.
When we express an IPv4 network address, we add a prefix length to the network address. The prefix length is the number of bits in the address that gives us the network portion. For example, in 172.16.4.0 /24, the /24 is the prefix length - it tells us that the first 24 bits are the network address. This leaves the remaining 8 bits, the last octet, as the host portion.
The address that can be used to summarize the networks 172.16.0.0/24 through 172.16.7.0/24 is 172.16.0.0/21. This summarization works because the first 21 bits of the addresses are the same, allowing for the aggregation of the four contiguous /24 networks into a single /21 network.