ctrl-1 will copy the format of the selected cell then you will have to select the cell in which you want to change. On the menu bar there is a icon that looks like a paint brush. You can select this icon to copy a cells format as well but you will have to still select the cell in which you want the change to happen.
It is possible to copy just the formatting of one cell on to others. Normally when you copy you copy the formula, but sometimes you may just want to use the formatting from one cell. So you can take the "formatting only" and apply it to the other cells. This will change the format of the cells, but not what is actually in them.
When you use the fill handle it will copy what is in the cell including the formatting.
A number typed in a cell has no formatting of its own. Formatting is determined by the format set for the cell. You may be asking about conditional formatting, but it is difficult to tell from your question.
Merge brings one to several individual cells from Excel into Word. The formatting in the merged Word document depends on Word, not Excel. If you would like to retain the same formatting as you had in Excel, then format the target location in Word to match the cell from Excel.
cell formatting options
Paste Special allows copying with or without formatting
It is the Auto Fill Options button that lets you copy values with or without formatting. Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application.
format as you type
Formatting can change the look of a cell and its contents.
You do Conditional Formatting based on a cell value or based on a formula.
Formatting.
Formatting.