How exactly does a processor work?

Answer 1

Keeping it simple:

the CPU has a register (just like a memory) called the accumulator. It does all the work.

It has other registers to keep addresses which normally increase by one each time they are used (but you can order it changed).

Into the accumulator you bring in data (bytes from memory). there you can add other data, compare it, copy it to memory, shift it right or left.

The compare allows you to jump around in memory ... that's the (boolean) logic of computers.

They are very simple, but very fast. All the good stuff is in the programs.

Answer 2

processor nothing but micro processor is a single chip used in a CPU to do all the operations,controls the system etc.... processor has arithmetic logic unit(alu) which helps to do arithmetic(/,*,-,+) and logic operations(AND,OR,NOT),registers and control unit. microprocesssor is a programmable control device.