At the very lowest level, everything in a computer is represented as a series of binary numbers - 1's and 0's - because this is the easiest system for storing information either electronically (with current being turned off or on) or physically (with magnetic or optical media). Beyond that, however, it gets a lot more complicated:
When you save a file to your hard drive, it's first encoded in a file format. This may be a simple text file, where every character inside is simply represented as a binary number representing that particular character. In other applications, this may be far more complex - such as saving a compressed image or a technical design. Applications themselves are exactly the same - the program is saved as a set of instructions, encoded in binary, for the processor to understand.
This file is then tagged with information (again in binary) to represent it's name, the encoding used, how long the file is, and many other attributes. This is stored on the hard drive (or an external device), somewhere on the disk - the computer's operating system then stores an entry in a "File Allocation Table" to remind it where to look in future to find the file.
This is an extremely simplified version of what goes on - but generally these are the basic principles for what happens when data is saved or used within a computer.
Yes, an input device translates data from the user into a form that can be interpreted by a computer. For example, a keyboard converts keystrokes into digital signals, while a mouse translates movement and clicks into commands that the computer understands. This translation allows users to interact with the computer effectively.
The specific term is "input data". The general term "data" can refer to "input data", "output data", "stored data" inside the computer, the data being processed by the computer's CPU, etc.
ASCII is the representation of Binary Digits (0 & 1s) which are interpreted by Processor as meaningful data.
How can data be interpreted?
A bus consists of wires which is used to transfer data either in serial or parallel transmission.
by using data
A subsystem that transfers data between components inside a computer.
DCE
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Hard Disk
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Data tables are interpreted by carefully examining the information provided.